Evaluate the Stability of Surface Water Quality Variation in Gorganrood River Basin
Hamed
Rouhani
Range and Management department, Gonbad-e-Kavouse University, Gonbad, Iran
author
Elnaz
Zaki
Rangeland Management Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
author
Mojtaba
Kashani
Statistical Department, Gonbad-e-Kavouse University, Gonbad, Iran
author
Abolhasan
Fathabadi
Range and Management department, Gonbad-e-Kavouse University, Gonbad, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
Information on water quality and pollution sources is important for the implementation of sustainable water resource management strategies. In this research, to evaluate spatial variation and the interpretation of large complex water quality data taken at seven different sites along the Gorganrood River were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis. The factor analysis generated two significant factors, which explained 97.80% of the variance in data sets. Factor 1 and factor 2 explained 86.27 and 15.76% of the total variance in water quality data sets. Principle components analysis results revealed that surface water quality was mainly controlled by Ca and pH parameters. In next step, information entropy theory applied to interpret the stability of surface water quality variation in each factors and each parameters. Overall results revealed instability in data recorded in Tamar and Galikesh sites and in factor 2, EC and TDS, Lazoreh has highest instability. With a well knowing the factor score and overlaying entropy, infactor1, Mg and Cl had highest stability. The ranks of information entropy values for Mg parameter at Galikesh, Tagi Abad, Basir Abad, Ramian and Tangrah sites vary noticeably due to geological formation. In general, sampling uncertainties are highly site specific.
Iranian journal of Ecohydrology
Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran
2423-6098
2
v.
2
no.
2015
129
140
https://ije.ut.ac.ir/article_56143_7730e480cc896e4be704113afd547ace.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ije.2015.56143
Efficiency Evaluation of Diskin Method in Derivation of Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph in Jafar-Abad watershed, Golestan Province
Raoof
Mostafazadeh
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Rangeland and Watershed Managemnet
author
Abdolreza
Bahremand
Associate Professor, Dept. of Watershed Management, Gorgan University of Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
author
Mohsen
Zabihi
PhD Student in Watershed Management Sciences and Engineering, of Science Graduated, Dept. of Watershed ‎Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University
author
text
article
2015
per
Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (IUH) is the response of a watershed subjected to a storm with an excess rainfall of 1 unit depth occurring on the watershed instantaneously, used as the response function in rainfall- runoff modeling. Omission of excess rainfall duration from unit hydrograph theory has made it better and easier to investigate on rainfall- runoff relationship. This study focuses on derivation of IUH from direct runoff hydrograph using Diskin method in Jafar Abad watershed (109 km2) located in Golestan province. Using hourly hydro-meteoerological data the index unit hydrograph was derived from 27 storms by S curve method and then index IUH was calculated from S curve. Then the Diskin method was used for derivation of IUH from 4 different direct runoff hydrographs. The efficiency of Diskin method was evaluated by statistical comparison with the observed IUH. The results indicated that the method derived IUHs with good accuracy, 85% according to the Nash-Sutcliffe criterion. Also mean relative error of instantaneous peak discharge and relative error of instantaneous time to peak, are 2.24% and 6.25% respectively while the model bias for water balance is -0.92%. Nonetheless more researches in other watersheds are suggested for derivation of instantaneous and flashy floods for planning into reduction of flood damages.
Iranian journal of Ecohydrology
Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran
2423-6098
2
v.
2
no.
2015
141
150
https://ije.ut.ac.ir/article_56144_0bad9c6010add0b043f35682156d6851.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ije.2015.56144
Sub-watershed flooding prioritization using morphometric and correlation analysis (Case study: Golestan Watershed)
Omid
Rahmati
PhD student in watershed management engineering and science, Lorestan University, Khoram-Abad
author
Naser
Tahmasebipour
Department of watershed management engineering, Lorestan University, Khoram-abad
author
Hamid Reza
Pourghasemi
Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz
author
text
article
2015
per
Planning of watersheds is indispensable in terms of sustainable development and landscape management. Therefore, watershed prioritization and morphometric characterization are important to identify hydrological behavior of the basin for conducting management strategies. In this study, geospatial-statistical approach was used for identifying critical and priority sub-watersheds in the Golestan watershed. In first step, eight morphometric parameters (bifurcation ratio, drainage density, constant of channel maintenance, stream frequency, form factor, drainage texture rate, relief ratio, ruggedness number) which effect on hydrological, soil erosion and sediment transport were selected. The map of morphometric parameters using digital elevation model (DEM) were produced in ArcGIS10.2 software. In order to determine prioritization of sub-atersheds a new method based on morphometric and statistical analysis was applied. The Kendall’s tau and weighted sum analysis (WSA) methods were used for analyzing the relationship between morphometric parameters and determining their effect weights. Finally, sub-watershed prioritization index (SWPI) based on weighted linear composite (WLC) method was calculated for each sub-watersheds. For validation of the mentioned results, used of previous destructive floods location in the Golestan Watershed. The results showed that, meanwhile innovation method of prioritization, isn’t proper for all of the sub-watersheds in the study area, but the mentioned method was identified the sub-watersheds 3, 16, and 9 as the best regions for watershed management plans.
Iranian journal of Ecohydrology
Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran
2423-6098
2
v.
2
no.
2015
151
161
https://ije.ut.ac.ir/article_56241_47c9ad6b15e9915fc6d2e04cf823a88c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ije.2015.56241
Investigate the effect of Karst Development on Karstic Springs Hydrogeology Treatment of Kermanshah Province
Mohammad
Rahmati
Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Nour
author
Hamid Reza
Moradi
Faculty of Agricultural, Ilam University, Ilam
author
Haji
Karimi
Faculty of Agricultural, Ilam University, Ilam
author
Khalil
Jalili
PhD Student of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Nour
author
text
article
2015
per
Abstract One of the importance groundwater resources in Kermanshah province is karstic aquifer. This study aimed to investigate the role of development of karstic aquifer in karst springs hydrological properties have been conducted. The studies areas are two karst aquifers include the Bistoon-Parau and Patagh Mountain in Kermanshah province. In the Bistoon-Parau region we used of Bistoon, Berkeh and Gaznahleh Springs data and in the Patagh region of Ghareh bolagh Spring data used. In this study, we used monthly precipitation and springs discharge during the 20 years. To determinate the development or undevelopment of karstic aquifer, recession coefficient, Storage dynamics volume and catchment area were calculated for each springs. The results of calculation of dynamic storage volume showed that the Ghare Bolagh Springs in Patagh region has dynamic storage volume equal 29/3 Million cubic meters that more than Bistoon, Berkeh and Gaznahleh springs in Bistoon-Parau region with dynamic storage volume equal 0/55, 2/2 and 1/3 Million cubic meters respectively. So these results showed the Bistoon-Parau more development of than Patagh region. Based on the results responses of the hydrological model the Bistoon-Parav is developed karst aquifer more quickly and severe than is Patagh area.
Iranian journal of Ecohydrology
Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran
2423-6098
2
v.
2
no.
2015
163
173
https://ije.ut.ac.ir/article_56146_a3f5ed16b77e809a22a43b9009751e5a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ije.2015.56146
Study on Effects of Climate Changes on Surface Runoff Changes
Case Study: Urmia Lake Basin
Massoud
Goudarzi
Assistant Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute SCWMRI, Tehran
author
Boroumand
Salahi
Associate Professor, Faculty of Human Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil
author
Asaad
Hoseini
PhD Student, Faculty of Human Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil
author
text
article
2015
per
Climate change is one of the most important problems in the present century. So assessing and prediction of future changes is important on water resources and so important for economics and socio-economic consequences. The purpose of this research is assessing the effects of climate change on surface runoff volumes under the scenarios: A1B, A2 and B1 using HadCM3 general circulation model and IHACRES rainfall-runoff model for three time periods (2011-2030, 2046-2065 and 2080-2099). LARS-WG downscaling model were used to bridge global data to sits, datasets. The results of the evaluation of observed and simulation data using statistical and of measurement error indices show that not difference between the simulated and the observed values on the critical error 0.5% .The results of climate model show that the average temperature of Basin will be increased between 0.55 to 3.15 ° C, and rainfall reduces amount 11.94 percent in the basin. Performance analysis of IHACRES rainfall-runoff model also showed good accuracy of the model to simulate the runoff changes in basin. The results the study of surface runoff changes showed that the long-term average of annual runoff is reduced in 2020s, 2050s and 2080s than the base period, respectively 5.4, 22.35 and 64.5 percent.
Iranian journal of Ecohydrology
Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran
2423-6098
2
v.
2
no.
2015
175
189
https://ije.ut.ac.ir/article_56152_1d7bf5d83d688e6c4c2193482b6a7958.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ije.2015.56152
Climatic and hydrological variable influence's on ground water level in Ajabshir plain
Asra
Asry
MSc Student of Water Resources Engineering, University of Tabriz
author
Ahmad
Fakherifard
Department of Water Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz
author
Ali
Zainali
Hydrogeologist, Shiraz University, Shiraz
author
Esmail
Asadi
Department of Water Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz
author
text
article
2015
per
AbstractThe understanding of water resources for the purpose of ground and surface water management as two inseparable systems is great importance. In this study by examining the time series of climatic variables (precipitation), hydrological (flow and consume) and the level of water table, the parameters associated with each other and with fluctuating water table can be realized. There was a Direct relation between precipitation and flow with the ground water level, on the other hand the consume and ground water level were inversely related with each other. Then, by examining the cross correlation diagram of rainfall vs. water table level, reaction delays were identified. The results indicate water table level were related to rainfall with one month lag, whereas for flow, related on time; but for consume indicated two month lag in the plain Ajabshir. Finally, regression analysis of variables with the level of the water table was obtained.Keywords: precipitation, flow, water table level, cross correlation.
Iranian journal of Ecohydrology
Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran
2423-6098
2
v.
2
no.
2015
191
200
https://ije.ut.ac.ir/article_56157_d9f0c1417cbadcf7751a5242f27dcffc.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ije.2015.56157
Phytoremediation potential of Puccinellia distans (Jacq.) Parl in Cd contaminated soil and method of leaching reduction into ground waters
Mahdieh
Ebrahimi
Assistant Professor, Department of Range and Watershed Management, University of Zabol
author
Fattane
Ghasemi
M. Sc student, Department of Range and Watershed Management, University of Zabol
author
Morteza
Pozesh Shirazi
Instructor,, Agriculture and Natural Resources Center, Boshehr Province
author
text
article
2015
per
The aim of present study was to investigate phytoremediation potential of Puccinellia distans (Jacq) Parl using EDTA and DTPA and method of decreasing Cd- chelating leacing risk. The soil samples spiked with CdCl2. The treatments comprised the following dosages 2.5DTPA, 5DTPA, 2.5EDTA, 5EDTA, 2.5EDTA+2.5DTPA, 2.5EDTA+5DTPA, 5EDTA+2.5DTPA, 5EDTA+5DTPA and control pots were not treated with EDTA and DTPA. Bioconcentration factor (BCF), translocation factor (TF) and tolerance index (TI) were calculated to determine the Cd phytoremediation efficiency. Results indicated that EDTA and DTPA application significantly increased Cd content in the plant tissues and, root concentration of Cd was greater than the concentration in the shoot. The maximum bioconcentration factors (BCF) was observed in 5DTPA and 5EDTA respectively, and the maximum translocation factor (TF) was obtained for 5EDTA+5DTPA treatment. The results indicated that EDTA and DTPA had potential to promote the uptake of Cd by P.distans. In the next step to reduce leaching of Cd-chelate, 5mgkg-1 EDTA and DTPA in three ways of single, triple and six successive dosage were added to the soil. The results indicated that under single application, Cd content reached at its minimum concentration in the soil and, in the plant organs, the Cd concentration was the maximum. Metal concentration in the plant organs did not vary significant when triple and six successive dosage were added (p<5%). Overall, optimum phytoextraction of P.distans and Cd leaching reduction into ground waters was achieved when 5mg kg−1 EDTA and DTPAwas added in single dosage.
Iranian journal of Ecohydrology
Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran
2423-6098
2
v.
2
no.
2015
201
210
https://ije.ut.ac.ir/article_56159_4b7b66369406930210eff44083c527b6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ije.2015.56159
Effect of Land Use Changes on Runoff Depth in Chalousrud Watershed
Mehdi
Vafakhah
Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University
author
Mohamad Reza
Javadi
Islamic Azad University, Nour Branch
author
Javanshir
Najafi Majd
Islamic Azad University, Nour Branch
author
text
article
2015
per
Due to the importance of the role of land use changes on runoff changes, several studies have taken place to develop models with simulating land use changes. In this study, the L-THIA model was used for estimating the runoff made by land use changes in Chalousrud watershed. Results of runoff modeling using L-THIA model showed that runoff depth increased from 422.98mm to 809.168mm during 1984 to 2000 that state an increase in runoff depth of 368.18 mm during 16 years and during 2000 to 2006 from 809.168mm to 825.496mm that state an increase 16.32 mm during 6 years. The results show that surface runoff depth increased due to decreasing of forest land with 3527.13ha from 58907.31ha to 55380.08ha and increasing of urban land with 7757.58ha from 7757.58ha to 362.50ha and increasing of abandoned land with 23176.01ha from 720.29ha to 23996.3ha. As a result of this study the L-THIA model has acceptable ability in explaining the way of land use changes effect on volume and depth of runoff. This model could provide the possibility of identifying accident prone areas, flood zones and flood management by spatial distribution map of runoff.
Iranian journal of Ecohydrology
Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran
2423-6098
2
v.
2
no.
2015
211
220
https://ije.ut.ac.ir/article_56160_30a6e8f44f142b5b4d74a3afca706911.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ije.2015.56160
Groundwater Potential Mapping using Shannon's Entropy and Random Forest Models in the Bojnourd Township
Mohsen
Zabihi
PhD student in Range Sciences and Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd, Iran
author
Hamid Reza
Pourghasemi
Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
author
Morteza
Behzadfar
Planning and Management Organization of North-Khorasan Province
author
text
article
2015
per
Nowadays, water supply for sustainable development is one of the most important concerns and challenges in most countries of the world. Due to determination of groundwater potential zones are one of the important tools in the conservation, management and utilization of water resources. Thus, the present study aimed to prioritize the effective factors on groundwater potential and its susceptibility zonation using Shannon’s entropy and Random Forest in Bojnourd Township. So, layers of slope angle, slope aspect, plan curvature, profile curvature, slope length, altitude, topographic wetness index, distance from fault, fault density, distance from river, drainage density, lithology and land use are known as affecting factors on Groundwater potential and were digitized in ArcGIS software environment. Subsequently, using Shannon’s entropy and Random Forest models, weight of affective factors was calculated in R statistical package and finally groundwater potential maps were prepared for the study area. The accuracy of groundwater potential zoning has been evaluated using relative operating curve (ROC), and according to the results, the accuracy of the Shannon’s entropy model was (85.55%), which is more acceptable than the accuracy of the Random Forest model (76.95 percent). Also, layers of land use, lithology, distance from river and altitude layers had the most effect on Groundwater potential in the study area based on the Shannon’s entropy model.
Iranian journal of Ecohydrology
Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran
2423-6098
2
v.
2
no.
2015
221
232
https://ije.ut.ac.ir/article_56242_0efabcba8b5a778b5a30e933a230010e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ije.2015.56242
Simulation of Rainfall-Runoff Process using multilayer perceptron and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Interface System and multiple regression
(Case Study: Khorramabd Watershed)
Ali
Haghizadeh
Department of Range and Watershed Management Engineering, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
author
Mohammad
Mohammadlou
MSc Student in Watershed Management Engineering, Department of Range and Watershed Management Engineering, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
author
Fazel
Noori
MSc Student in Watershed Management Engineering, Department of Range and Watershed Management Engineering, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
The discharge or runoff which ousts from a watershed is important. Because its deficiency leads to financial losses and its excesses cause damage in lives and property as flood. In this research using Artificial Neural Network Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP (and Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy interface system (ANFIS) and multiple regression method simulated rainfall- runoff process on daily basis in the Khorramabad watershed. For inputs, different combinations of precipitation inputs including current rainfall, pervious day rainfall and two previous days were used. Inputs membership function for ANFIS model in this research is: the trapezoid, triangular, Gaussian and Gaussian type 2. MLP model that used in this research, was evaluated with one hidden layer and the number of variables neurons. The results showed that Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy interface system (ANFIS) compared to multi-layer perceptron model (MLP) and multiple regression model, has better performance. Also by increasing in the number of inputs, involvement pervious day rainfall and two previous days, all three models performance will be better.
Iranian journal of Ecohydrology
Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran
2423-6098
2
v.
2
no.
2015
233
243
https://ije.ut.ac.ir/article_56243_f426d14b1f6600933ce6a191b919050b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ije.2015.56243
English Abstracts
text
article
2015
per
Iranian journal of Ecohydrology
Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran
2423-6098
2
v.
2
no.
2015
1
10
https://ije.ut.ac.ir/article_57183_73713a32ddf107c70913b0e1f9358522.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ije.2015.57183