بررسی و تحلیل روند خشکسالی در حوضۀ آبخیز سد گیوی با رویکرد چندشاخصی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکدۀ فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی عمران- مهندسی و مدیریت منابع آب، دانشکدۀ فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

ارزیابی وضعیت و روند شکل‏گیری خشکسالی همواره یکی از عوامل مهم برای مقابله با آثار مخرب این پدیده است. برای بررسی خشکسالی، با توجه به موقعیت مکانی، در بازه‏های زمانی مشخص، از شاخص‏های مختلفی استفاده می‏شود. هدف اصلی ‌تحقیق حاضر، ارزیابی وضعیت خشکسالی حوضۀ آبخیز سد گیوی با استفاده از معیارهای چندشاخصی است. به این منظور، به کمک داده‏های بارندگی دو ایستگاه منتخب در حوضۀ آبخیز سد گیوی، طی یک دورۀ آماری 31 ساله، با به‌کار‏گیری شاخص‏های SPI، RDI، CZI، SZI، PNI، DI این پدیده تجزیه‌وتحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد در سال‏های 1384، 1387 و 1392 در ایستگاه خلخال و در سال‏های 1392 و 1396 در ایستگاه فیروزآباد خشکسالی شدید رخ داده ‏است. همچنین، با استفاده از شاخص خشکسالی مؤثر (EDI)، تعداد روزهای خشک در فصل‌های پاییز و زمستان در سال‏هایی که خشکسالی شدید بود، به دست آمد. با بررسی شاخص‏ها به‌صورت ماهانه معین شد ضمن شباهت نسبتاً زیاد شاخص‏های SPI، CZI، SZI و RDI در نشان دادن اصلی‏ترین دوره‏های خشکسالی و ترسالی، شاخص SPI در تشخیص آغاز دوره‏های خشکسالی نسبت به دیگر شاخص‏ها کارایی بهتری دارد.

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دوره 7، شماره 3
مهر 1399
صفحه 829-542
  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 اردیبهشت 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 27 شهریور 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 شهریور 1399
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 مهر 1399
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 مهر 1399