اثر ژئومتری بر رده‌بندی منشأ جریان سیلابی در حوضۀ جنگلی ناپلاررود استان مازندران

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسنده

استاد گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

نبود مطالعات در حوضه‏های جنگلی به دلیل موجود نبودن ایستگاه‏های هیدرومتری، همواره برنامه‏ریزان را با مشکلات زیادی مواجه می‏سازد. حوضۀ آبخیز ناپلاررود که جریان دائمی طی سال دارد و در پایین‏دست خود نیز روستاهای زیادی را در بر می‏گیرد، می‏تواند در آینده با برنامه‏ریزی اصولی و علمی زمینه‏ساز توسعۀ منطقه باشد. در پژوهش حاضر سعی شده است با تحلیل هندسی حوضۀ آبخیز ناپلاررود بتوان برخی از ویژگی‏های مهم آن را استخراج کرد. در تحقیق حاضر از 12 عامل فیزیوگرافی مؤثر بر منشأ جریان سیلابی استفاده شد. این عوامل شامل شیب بستر آبراهه، ضریب گردی، ضریب فشردگی، ضریب شکل، ضریب کشیدگی، طول مستطیل معادل، عرض مستطیل معادل، درصد شیب وزنی حوضه، جهت جغرافیایی، نسبت انشعاب، تراکم زهکشی و زمان تمرکز می‌شوند. به منظور تعیین منشأ جریان سیلابی، تمامی عوامل مؤثر نرخ‏گذاری و وزن‌دهی شدند. سپس، با استفاده از روش آنالیز حساسیت تک‌متغیره به اولویت‌‌بندی عوامل مؤثر بر منشأ جریان سیلابی اقدام شد. با توجه نتایج آنالیز حساسیت سه عامل شیب بستر آبراهه، درصد شیب حوضه و تراکم زهکشی با وزن‏های 42/7، 72/6 و 64/6 به عنوان سه عامل مهم در منشأ جریان سیلابی تعیین شدند. از بین عوامل مؤثر نیز سه عامل تراکم زهکشی، عرض مستطیل معادل و نسبت انشعاب نیز دارای وزن بهینۀ بیشتری نسبت به وزن اولیۀ اختصاص‌یافته به آنها بودند که نشان‏دهندۀ اهمیت این 3 عامل در منشأ جریان سیلابی در حوضه‏های جنگلی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


[1]. Strahler, A. N. Handbook of applied hydrology. Quantitative geomorphology of drainage basins and channel networks. New York, NY: Mc-Graw Hill Book Company. 1964; 39-76.
[2]. Horton, R. E. Erosional development of streams and their drainage basins; hydrophysical approach to quantitative morphology. Geological society of America bulletin. 1945; 56(3), 275-370.
[3]. Clarke, J. I. Morphometry from maps. Essays in geomorphology. 1996.
[4]. Agarwal, C. S. Study of drainage pattern through aerial data in Naugarh area of Varanasi district, UP. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing. 1998; 26(4), 169-175.
[5]. Kumar, R., Kumar, S., Lohani, A. K., Nema, R. K., & Singh, R. D. Evaluation of geomorphological characteristics of a catchment using GIS. GIs India. 2000; 9(3), 13-17.
[6]. Ali, S. A., Rangzan, K., & Pirasteh, S. Remote sensing and GIS study of tectonics and net erosion rates in the Zagros structural belt, Southwestern Iran. Mapping Sciences and Remote Sensing. 2003; 40(4), 258-267.
[7]. Ali, S. A., & Pirasteh, S. Evaluation of ground water potential zones in parts of Pabdeh Anticline, Zagros Fold Belt, SW Iran. Water Ethiop J Water Sci Technol. 2005; 9(1), 92-97. [Persian].
[8]. Ali, S. A., & Tesgaya, D. Landuse and landcover change detection between 1985-2005 in parts of Highland of Eastern Ethiopia using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques. International journal of Geoinformatics. 2010; 6(2), 35.
 
[9]. Solaimani, K. Hydrological Analysis of Haraz Basin. Master Thesis. Tabriz University. 1369.[Persian].
[10]. Solaimani, K. Morphometric analysis of Noorrud sub-basin. Final report of the research project. Mazandaran University. 2000. [Persian].
[11]. Solaimani, K. Cartography. Bachelor of Natural Engineering textbook. Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. 2019 [Persian].
[12]. Ali, U., & Ali, S. A. Analysis of drainage morphometry and watershed prioritization of Romushi-Sasar catchment, Kashmir Valley, India using remote sensing and GIS technology. International Journal of Advanced Research. 2014; 2(12), 5-23.
[13]. Ali, S. A. and Khan, N. Evaluation of Morphometric analysis- A Remote sensing & GIS based approach. Open J. of Modern Hydrology. 2013; 3(1): 20- 27.
[14]. Ali, S. A., & Ikbal, J. Prioritization based on geomorphic characteristics of Ahar watershed, Udaipur district, Rajasthan, India using Remote sensing and GIS. Journal of Environmental Research And Development. 2015; 10(1), 187.
[15]. Ali, S. A., Alhamed, M., & Ali, U. Morphometric analysis of Abdan Basin, Almahfid basement rock, Yemen: using remote sensing and GIS. Int J Adv Remote Sens GIS. 2016; 5(3), 1605-1617.
[16]. Ikbal, J., Ali, S. A., & Aldharab, H. Morphological character of micro watershed of Katla river in Udaipur district, Rajasthan. International Journal of Current Research. 2017; 9(9), 57708-57715.
[17]. Langbein WB. Topographic characteristics of drainage Basins. U.S. Geol Sur Water Supp Paper.1947; 968-C
[18]. Strahler, A. N. Quantitative geomorphology of drainage basins and channel networks,section 4 II, In: Handbook of Applied Hydrology, edited by V.T.Chow, McGraw Hill. 1953; 439.
[19]. Miller, V. C. A quantitative geomorphic study of drainage basin characteristics in the clinch mountain area Virginia and Tennessee. Columbia university New York. 1953.
[20]. Leopold LB, Miller, JP. Ephemeral streams: hydraulic factors and their relation to the drainage network. U.S. Geol. Sur. Profess Paper 282 A., Washington, D.C.1956; pp 1–37.
[21]. Schum, S. The evolution of drainage systems and slopes in badlands at Perth Amboi, New Jersey. Geol. Sac. Am. Bull. 1956;67(5), 597-646.
[22]. Morisawa ME. Relation of quantitative geomorphology of stream flow in representative watersheds of the Appalachian Plateau Province, Columbia University, Office of Naval Research, Project NR 389-042, Technical Report 20. Morphometric analysis- A Remote sensing & GIS based approach. Open J. of Modern Hydrology. 1959; 3(1): 20- 27.
[23]. Shreve, R. L. Statistical law of stream numbers. The Journal of Geology. 1966; 74(1), 17-37.
[24]. Doornkamp, J. C. The analysis of the morphometric properties of drainage basins by the Spearman's rank correlation technique. Slaymaker, HO (ed). 1968; 31-40.
[25]. Gregory KJ, Walling, DE. Drainage basin form and process—a geomorphological approach. Edward Arnold Pub. Ltd., London.1973; p 321.
[26]. Gardiner, V., & Park, C. C. Drainage basin morphometry: review and assessment. Progress in Physical Geography. 1978; 2(1), 1-35.
[27]. Reddy, G. P. O., Maji, A. K., & Gajbhiye, K. S. Drainage morphometry and its influence on landform characteristics in a basaltic terrain, Central India–a remote sensing and GIS approach. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. 2004; 6(1), 1-16.
[28]. Thomas, J., Joseph, S., Thrivikramji, K. P., Abe, G., & Kannan, N. Morphometrical analysis of two tropical mountain river basins of contrasting environmental settings, the southern Western Ghats, India. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2012; 66(8), 2353-2366.
[29]. Magesh, NS., Chandraseka,r N., Soundranayagam, J. Morphometric evaluation of Papanasam and Manimuthar watersheds, parts of western Ghats, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, India: a GIS approach. Environ Earth Sci.2011; 64(2):373–381.
[30]. Kaliraj, S., Chandrasekar, N., & Magesh, N. S. Morphometric analysis of the River Thamirabarani sub-basin in Kanyakumari District, South west coast of Tamil Nadu, India, using remote sensing and GIS. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2015; 73(11), 7375-7401.
[31]. Banerjee, A., Singh, P., & Pratap, K. Morphometric evaluation of Swarnrekha watershed, Madhya Pradesh, India: an integrated GIS-based approach. Applied Water Science. 2017; 7(4), 1807-1815.
[32]. Rai, P. K., Mohan, K., Mishra, S., Ahmad, A., & Mishra, V. N. A GIS-based approach in drainage morphometric analysis of Kanhar River Basin, India. Applied Water Science. 2017; 7(1), 217-232.
[33]. Babu, K. J., Sreekumar, S., & Aslam, A. Implication of drainage basin parameters of a tropical river basin of South India. Applied Water Science. 2016; 6(1), 67-75.
[34]. Al-Rowaily, S. L., El-Bana, M. I., & Al-Dujain, F. A. Changes in vegetation composition and diversity in relation to morphometry, soil and grazing on a hyper-arid watershed in the central Saudi Arabia. Catena. 2012; 97, 41-49.
[35]. Solaimani, K., Sharifipour, M. And Abdoli, S. Flood Damage Detection Algorithm Using Sentinel 2 Images (Case Study: Flood in April 2017 in Golestan Province). Echo Hydrology. 2020. Volume 7, Number 2, pp.303-312. [Persian].
[36]. Solaimani, K. And Dervish, Sh. Zoning and flood risk monitoring of spring 1398 Khuzestan using Landsat-8 data. Echo Hydrology. 1399; Volume 7, Number 3, Fall 1399, pp.662-647.
[37]. Boomeri, M., Nahtanifar, Abdul Basit Radfer, Shahbaz. Mahdavi, Abu al-Qasim. Identification of flood zones and physiographic and quantitative characteristics of Daman catchment area using GIS and remote sensing system. Geography and development. 2011; Volume 9, Serial Number 22; 129-146. [Persian].
[38]. Binesh, Negin., Sarang, Amin. Investigation of the effect of physiographic characteristics of the catchment in the form of flood hydrograph; Comparison of three basins of Damavand, Verdij and Kasilian. Journal of Water Management. 2014; Number 3. Pp. 65-78. [Persian].
[39]. Nasri, Massoud., Najafi, Ali. Determining the mathematical relationships of sediment delivery ratio (SDR) and basin factors. Iranian Natural Ecosystems Quarterly. 2015; Volume 6, Number 2 - Serial Number 19: Pages 1-12. [Persian].
[40]. Qanavati, Ezatullah., Saffari, Amir., Karam, Amir., Najafi, Ismail., Jahandar, Gholam Hossein. Investigation of hydrogeomorphological features of catchments of Tehran metropolis with emphasis on flooding. Hydrogeomorphology.2016; Volume 3, Number 6 Number 6, pp. 33-54. [Persian].
[41]. Nayeri, Hadi., Salari, Mamand., Mirza Moradi, Asrin. Flood potential of catchments in Kurdistan province using morphometric indices and statistical analysis. Quarterly Journal of Quantitative Geomorphological Research. 2016; Fifth Year No. 1 (17th consecutive, pp. 181-190. [Persian].
[42]. Halabian, Amir Hussein., Asgari, Shamsullah. Zoning of flood severity in Mishkhas catchment with the help of factor-cluster analysis. Hydrogeomorphology. 2017; Volume 3, Number 12; From page 153 to page 177. [Persian].
[43]. Mosafaei, Jamal., Kamali, Mehdi., Salehpour Jam, Amin., Solaimani, Karim., Shahedi, Kaka., Gomarkchi, Amiryosef. Investigation of the efficiency of hierarchical analysis technique in prioritizing flood potential of Barajin watershed. Journal of Watershed Management. 2020; Volume 11, Number 21, Volume 11 Number 21 Pages 48-58. [Persian].
[44]. Solaimani, K. Geometric analysis and classification of the origin of the flow in the Naplarrud forest basin, east of Vazrood. Final plan report. Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. 2020. [Persian].
[45]. Wong, M., & Parker, G. One‐dimensional modeling of bed evolution in a gravel bed river subject to a cycled flood hydrograph. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface. 2006; 111(F3).
[46]. Leopold, L. B., & Maddock, T. The hydraulic geometry of stream channels and some physiographic implications (Vol. 252). US Government Printing Office. 1953.
[47]. Laden, N. R., Reilly, T. L., & Minnotte, J. S. Synthetic unit‐hydrographs, distribution‐graphs and flood‐routing in the Upper Ohio River basin. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union. 1940; 21(2), 649-659.
[48]. Alizadeh, A. Applied Hydrology. Fifteenth edition, Astan Quds Razavi Publications. 2005; 735 p. [Persian].
[49]. Heidel, S. G. The progressive lag of sediment concentration with flood waves. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union. 1956; 37(1), 56-66.
[50]. Tarboton, DG. Chapter 6. Simulation of Runoff Generation in Hydrologic Models. 2003.
[51]. Napolitano, P., & Fabbri, A. G. (1996). Single-parameter sensitivity analysis for aquifer vulnerability assessment using DRASTIC and SINTACS. IAHS Publications-Series of Proceedings and Reports-Intern Assoc Hydrological Sciences. 1996; 23: 559-566.
دوره 8، شماره 2
تیر 1400
صفحه 447-460
  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 دی 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 22 اردیبهشت 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 اردیبهشت 1400
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 31 خرداد 1400
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 تیر 1400