بخش اصلی نیاز آبی کشور در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک از آب‌های زیرزمینی تأمین می‌شود، بنابراین بررسی تغییرات کیفی و کمی این آب‌ها و علل اثرگذار بر آن‌ها اهمیت ویژه‌ای دارد. تغییرات کاربری اراضی می‌تواند باعث تغییراتی در کیفیت آب‌های زیرزمینی شود. در اینجا تغییرات کاربری اراضی طی سال‌های 2003 تا 2020 در حوضۀ آبخیز دامغان با استفاده از تصاویر ماهوارۀ لندست 8، 7 و 5، نرم‌افزار eCognition و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. از 1760 حلقه چاه در سطح استان جهت میان‌یابی، تهیۀ دقیق نقشه‌های کیفیت آب زیرزمینی و استخراج نقشۀ زمین‌آمار و از اطلاعات 58 حلقه چاه عمیق در داخل حوضه به منظور تحلیل و بررسی تغییرات کیفی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد سطح مراتع، جنگل و اراضی کشاورزی کاهش و سطح باغ‌ها، مناطق شهری، اراضی بدون پوشش و منابع آب سطحی (ناشی از احداث سد) افزایش یافته است. در این دوره تغییرات کیفی آب‌های زیرزمینی شامل کلر 01/1 میلی اکی والان افزایش، سولفات 34/0 میلی اکی والان کاهش، بی‌کربنات 46/0 میلی اکی والان افزایش، منیزیم 32/0 میلی اکی والان افزایش، کلسیم 25/2 میلی اکی والان کاهش و سدیم 58/3 میلی اکی والان افزایش، هدایت الکتریکی 81/44 میکرو موس بر سانتی‌متر افزایش، غلظت املاح محلول 88/103 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر افزایش و اسیدیته 09/0 افزایش است. این تغییرات با نرم‌افزار R مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت و نتایج نشان دادند تغییرات کیفیت آب در ارتباط با تغییرات کاربری اراضی است.
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