بررسی و ارزیابی سطح کیفیت پارامترهای فیزیکوشیمیایی پساب تصفیه شدة فاضلاب جزیره کیش در جهت آبیاری فضای سبز

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشکده علوم دریایی دانشگاه تهران

2 استادگروه آموزش، برنامه ریزی و مدیریت محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه، تهران

3 مهندسی سوانح، آموزش و سیستم های محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در این مطالعه کیفیت پساب تصفیه شدة جزیره کیش که منبع اصلی آبیاری فضای شهری کیش است، ارزیابی شد. ابتدا از 12 نقطة ذخیره آب نمونه‌برداری و به آزمایشگاه آب و فاضلاب دانشگاه تهران منتقل شد و پارامترهای فیزیکوشیمیایی آب شامل قلیائیت (pH)، هدایت الکتریکی (EC)، نیاز بیوشیمیایی اکسیژن (BOD)، نیاز شیمیایی اکسیژن (COD)، کل جامدات معلق (TSS)، مواد جامد محلول (TDS)، نسبت جذب سدیم (SAR)، فسفات و نیترات، منیزیوم، کلسیم و سدیم اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که در مخازن، آب حالت قلیائی دارد و EC آن بین 2/0 تا 9/1 است که کمتر از حد استاندارد می‌باشد؛ از 12 مخزن آب، 7 مخزن شامل پارک مرجان، هنگام، استخر کاکتوس، استخر مرکز همایش‌ها، استخر ایران، باغ راه و استخر پارک گلستان غلظت BOD بیشتر از حد استاندارد است که یک خطر زیستی برای محیط‌زیست محسوب می‌شود. در 7 نقطه غلظت TSS بیشتر از حد استاندارد است که شامل پارک مرجان، پارک هنگام، استخر کاکتوس، مرکز همایش‌ها، استخر ایران، باغ راه و پارک گلستان است. بر اساس استانداردهای جهانی، میزان فسفات در مخازن آب مصرفی کیش زیاد بوده و مستلزم مدیریت آن به‌ویژه در تصفیه خانه‌های فاضلاب است. بیشترین SAR در مرکز همایش‌ها، تصفیه خانه شمال و پارک گلستان بود، اما میزان آن در پاویون، پارک مرجان، سیمرغ و کاکتوس کمتر از 4 بوده و بیان‌گر مطلوبیت آن برای آبیاری است؛ اما مخازن مرکز همایش‌ها و تصفیه‌خانه شمال مستلزم مدیریت بیشتری است، چون‌که استفاده دراز مدت از این پساب، می‌تواند منجر به شور شدن خاک جزیره کیش شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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[2] Shoushtarian, F., & Negahban-Azar, M. Worldwide regulations and guidelines for agricultural

water reuse: a critical review. Water, 2020, 12(4), 971.

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[7] Aiello, R., Cirelli, G. L., & Consoli, S. Effects of reclaimed wastewater irrigation on soil and

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groundwater. Desalination, 2004, 160(2), 143-149.

[9] Anderson, J. The environmental benefits of water recycling and reuse. Water Science and

Technology: Water Supply, 2003, 3(4), 1-10.

[10] Angelakis, A. N., & Gikas, P. Water reuse: Overview of current practices and trends in the world

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[11] Exall, K. A review of water reuse and recycling, with reference to Canadian practice and

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[12] Sato, T., Qadir, M., Yamamoto, S., Endo, T., & Zahoor, A. Global, regional, and country

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[13] Feigin, I. Ravina and J. Shalhevet, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 224, DM 228.00, ISBN 3-540-

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[14] Oliveira, G. A., Colares, G. S., Lutterbeck, C. A., Dell’Osbel, N., Machado, Ê. L., & Rodrigues,

  1. R. Floating treatment wetlands in domestic wastewater treatment as a decentralized sanitation

alternative. Science of The Total Environment, 2021, 773, 145609.

[15] Tanji, K., Grattan, S., Grieve, C., Harivandi, A., Rollins, L., Shaw, D., & Wu, L. Salt

management guide for landscape irrigation with recycled water in coastal Southern California. A

Comprehensive Literature Review. University of California–Davis, USA, 2015.

[16] CWRS (Centre for Water Resources Studies) Reuse of renovated municipal wastewater for

golf course irrigation. Prepared for PEI Department of Technology and Environment. CWRS

Internal Report No. 1999, 99–11. Dalhousie University, Halifax.

[17] Bixio, D., Thoeye, C., De Koning, J., Joksimovic, D., Savic, D., Wintgens, T., & Melin, T.

Wastewater reuse in Europe. Desalination, 2006, 187(1-3), 89-101.

[18] Sakadevan, K., Maheshwari, B. L., & Bavor, H. J. Availability of nitrogen and phosphorus under

recycled water irrigation. Soil Research, 2000, 38(3), 653-664.

[19] Toze, S. Reuse of effluent water—benefits and risks. Agricultural water management,

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[20] Greenway, M. The role of constructed wetlands in secondary effluent treatment and water reuse

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[21] Sala, L., & Mujeriego, R. Cultural eutrophication control through water reuse. Water science

and technology, 2001, 43(10), 109-116.

[22] Fasciolo, G. E., Meca, M. I., Gabriel, E., & Morabito, J. Effects on crops of irrigation with treated

municipal wastewaters. Water science and technology, 2002, 45(1), 133-138.

[23] Vazquez-Montiel, O., Horan, N. J., & Mara, D. D. Management of domestic wastewater for

reuse in irrigation. Water Science and Technology, 1996, 33(10-11), 355-362.

[24] Sala, L., & Mujeriego, R. Cultural eutrophication control through water reuse. Water science

and technology, 2001, 43(10), 109-116.

[25] Rahman MM, Hagare D, Maheshwari B. Bayesian Belief Network analysis of soil salinity in a

periurban agricultural field irrigated with recycled water. Agric Water Manag, 2016.

[26] Silva, T. L., Morales-Torres, S., Castro-Silva, S., Figueiredo, J. L., & Silva, A. M. An overview

on exploration and environmental impact of unconventional gas sources and treatment options

for produced water. Journal of environmental management, 2017, 200, 511-529.

[27] Goswami, R. K., Agrawal, K., & Verma, P. Phycoremediation of nitrogen and phosphate from

wastewater using Picochlorum sp.: A tenable approach. Journal of Basic Microbiology, 2022,

62(3-4), 279-295.

[28] Liu, X., Zhu, Y., Bennett, J. M., Wu, L., & Li, H. Effects of sodium adsorption ratio and

electrolyte concentration on soil saturated hydraulic conductivity. Geoderma, 2022, 414,

115772.

[29] Shivanna, A. M., & Nagendrappa, G. Chemical analysis of soil samples to evaluate the

soil fertility status of selected command areas of three tanks in Tiptur Taluk of Karnataka,

India. crops, 2014, 6(7).

[30] Oueslati, A., Montevecchi, G., Antonelli, A., & Mansour, H. B. Short-time irrigation on

young olive tree (Olea europaea L. cv. Chemlali) with untreated industrial poultry wastewater:

investigation of growth parameters and leaves chemical composition. Environmental Science

and Pollution Research, 2021, 28(36), 50420-50429

  1. [1] Anjum, M. S., Ali, S. M., Subhani, M. A., Anwar, M. N., Nizami, A. S., Ashraf, U., & Khokhar,

    1. F. An emerged challenge of air pollution and ever-increasing particulate matter in Pakistan; a

    critical review. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2021, 402, 123943.

    [2] Shoushtarian, F., & Negahban-Azar, M. Worldwide regulations and guidelines for agricultural

    water reuse: a critical review. Water, 2020, 12(4), 971.

    [3] Jiménez, B. Irrigation in developing countries using wastewater. International Review for

    Environmental Strategies, 2006, 6(2), 229-250.

    [4] Qadir, M., Wichelns, D., Raschid-Sally, L., McCornick, P. G., Drechsel, P., Bahri, A., & Minhas,

    1. S. The challenges of wastewater irrigation in developing countries. Agricultural water

    management, 2010, 97(4), 561-568.

    [5] Tahir, M. B., Tufail, S., Ahmad, A., Rafique, M., Iqbal, T., Abrar, M.,... & Ijaz, M. Semiconductor

    nanomaterials for the detoxification of dyes in real wastewater under visible-light

    photocatalysis. International Journal of environmental analytical chemistry, 2021, 101(12),

    1735-1749.

    [6] Karimidastenaei, Z., Avellán, T., Sadegh, M., Kløve, B., & Haghighi, A. T. Unconventional water

    resources: Global opportunities and challenges. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 827,

    154429.

    [7] Aiello, R., Cirelli, G. L., & Consoli, S. Effects of reclaimed wastewater irrigation on soil and

    tomato fruits: a case study in Sicily (Italy). Agricultural water management, 2023, .72-65 ,)2-1(93

    [8] Rebhun, M. Desalination of reclaimed wastewater to prevent salinization of soils and

    groundwater. Desalination, 2004, 160(2), 143-149.

    [9] Anderson, J. The environmental benefits of water recycling and reuse. Water Science and

    Technology: Water Supply, 2003, 3(4), 1-10.

    [10] Angelakis, A. N., & Gikas, P. Water reuse: Overview of current practices and trends in the world

    with emphasis on EU states. Water Utility Journal, 2014, 8(67), e78.

    [11] Exall, K. A review of water reuse and recycling, with reference to Canadian practice and

    potential: 2. Applications. Water Quality Research Journal, 2004, 39(1), 13-28.

    [12] Sato, T., Qadir, M., Yamamoto, S., Endo, T., & Zahoor, A. Global, regional, and country

    level need for data on wastewater generation, treatment, and use. Agricultural Water

    Management, 2013, 130, 1-13.

    [13] Feigin, I. Ravina and J. Shalhevet, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 224, DM 228.00, ISBN 3-540-

    50804-X. Experimental Agriculture, 1991, 28(2), 241-241.

    [14] Oliveira, G. A., Colares, G. S., Lutterbeck, C. A., Dell’Osbel, N., Machado, Ê. L., & Rodrigues,

    1. R. Floating treatment wetlands in domestic wastewater treatment as a decentralized sanitation

    alternative. Science of The Total Environment, 2021, 773, 145609.

    [15] Tanji, K., Grattan, S., Grieve, C., Harivandi, A., Rollins, L., Shaw, D., & Wu, L. Salt

    management guide for landscape irrigation with recycled water in coastal Southern California. A

    Comprehensive Literature Review. University of California–Davis, USA, 2015.

    [16] CWRS (Centre for Water Resources Studies) Reuse of renovated municipal wastewater for

    golf course irrigation. Prepared for PEI Department of Technology and Environment. CWRS

    Internal Report No. 1999, 99–11. Dalhousie University, Halifax.

    [17] Bixio, D., Thoeye, C., De Koning, J., Joksimovic, D., Savic, D., Wintgens, T., & Melin, T.

    Wastewater reuse in Europe. Desalination, 2006, 187(1-3), 89-101.

    [18] Sakadevan, K., Maheshwari, B. L., & Bavor, H. J. Availability of nitrogen and phosphorus under

    recycled water irrigation. Soil Research, 2000, 38(3), 653-664.

    [19] Toze, S. Reuse of effluent water—benefits and risks. Agricultural water management,

    2000, .159-147 ,)3-1(80

    [20] Greenway, M. The role of constructed wetlands in secondary effluent treatment and water reuse

    in subtropical and arid Australia. Ecological engineering, 2005, .509-501 ,)5(25

    [21] Sala, L., & Mujeriego, R. Cultural eutrophication control through water reuse. Water science

    and technology, 2001, 43(10), 109-116.

    [22] Fasciolo, G. E., Meca, M. I., Gabriel, E., & Morabito, J. Effects on crops of irrigation with treated

    municipal wastewaters. Water science and technology, 2002, 45(1), 133-138.

    [23] Vazquez-Montiel, O., Horan, N. J., & Mara, D. D. Management of domestic wastewater for

    reuse in irrigation. Water Science and Technology, 1996, 33(10-11), 355-362.

    [24] Sala, L., & Mujeriego, R. Cultural eutrophication control through water reuse. Water science

    and technology, 2001, 43(10), 109-116.

    [25] Rahman MM, Hagare D, Maheshwari B. Bayesian Belief Network analysis of soil salinity in a

    periurban agricultural field irrigated with recycled water. Agric Water Manag, 2016.

    [26] Silva, T. L., Morales-Torres, S., Castro-Silva, S., Figueiredo, J. L., & Silva, A. M. An overview

    on exploration and environmental impact of unconventional gas sources and treatment options

    for produced water. Journal of environmental management, 2017, 200, 511-529.

    [27] Goswami, R. K., Agrawal, K., & Verma, P. Phycoremediation of nitrogen and phosphate from

    wastewater using Picochlorum sp.: A tenable approach. Journal of Basic Microbiology, 2022,

    62(3-4), 279-295.

    [28] Liu, X., Zhu, Y., Bennett, J. M., Wu, L., & Li, H. Effects of sodium adsorption ratio and

    electrolyte concentration on soil saturated hydraulic conductivity. Geoderma, 2022, 414,

    115772.

    [29] Shivanna, A. M., & Nagendrappa, G. Chemical analysis of soil samples to evaluate the

    soil fertility status of selected command areas of three tanks in Tiptur Taluk of Karnataka,

    India. crops, 2014, 6(7).

    [30] Oueslati, A., Montevecchi, G., Antonelli, A., & Mansour, H. B. Short-time irrigation on

    young olive tree (Olea europaea L. cv. Chemlali) with untreated industrial poultry wastewater:

    investigation of growth parameters and leaves chemical composition. Environmental Science

    and Pollution Research, 2021, 28(36), 50420-50429

دوره 11، شماره 1
فروردین 1403
صفحه 85-104
  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 آذر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 اسفند 1402
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 فروردین 1403
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 فروردین 1403