ارزیابی تغییرات کیفیت منابع آب زیرزمینی دشت مرند با استفاده از روش ترکیب غیرنظارت شده (شاخص GWQI و (GQI

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری هیدروژئولوژی دانشکدۀ علوم طبیعی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 استاد گروه علوم زمین دانشکدۀ علوم طبیعی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 استاد پردیس علوم / دانشکدۀ زمین‌شناسی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

آبخوان دشت مرند یکی از دشت‏های بزرگ و با فعالیت‌های وسیع کشاورزی و صنعتی است که در سال‌های اخیر در زمرۀ آبخوان‌های بحرانی و ممنوعه قرار گرفته است. یکی از مشکلات کاهش سطح آب زیرزمینی، تغییرات کیفی آب‌های زیرزمینی است که روی چگونگی مصارف و مدیریت آنها تأثیر دارد. بنابراین، در این تحقیق با استفاده از 46 نمونۀ آبی از چاه، قنات و چشمه‏ها در خردادماه 1393 و 1398 و آنالیز پارامترهای یون‌های اصلی، فرعی و کمیاب، شاخص‏های کیفیت آب زیرزمینی GQI و GWQI محاسبه شد. نقشه‏های خروجی این دو شاخص نشان از تفاوت در تعیین رده‏های کیفیت آب شرب منطقه است، انتخاب یکی از این دو شاخص برای تعیین قابلیت شرب منابع آبی منطقه ممکن نبود. بنابراین، در این پژوهش با توجه به تفاوت موجود در خروجی‏های دو شاخص استفاده‌شده، برای دستیابی به یک نقشۀ واحد روش ترکیب غیرنظارت‏شده معرفی و استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش گویای این است که روش غیرنظارت‌شده ((Unsupervised method با داشتن CI بالاتر نسبت به دو شاخص یادشده، روش ایده‏آل‏تری برای ارزیابی کیفیت منابع آبی منطقه و تعیین صحیح‏تر رده‏های قابلیت شرب است. نتایج نشان داد دشت مرند در کلاس‌های متوسط و قابل قبول از نظر شاخص GWQI و GQI قرار دارد. بیشترین و کمترین مقدار شاخص GWQI و GQI به‌ترتیب در جنوب و شمال غربی دشت مشاهده شد. مقایسۀ نقشه‏های شاخص کیفیت آب شرب در سال‏های 1393 و 1398 نشان‏دهندۀ کاهش کیفیت آب طی 5 سال اخیر است.

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دوره 8، شماره 4
دی 1400
صفحه 1061-1080
  • تاریخ دریافت: 20 اردیبهشت 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 بهمن 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 بهمن 1400
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 11 بهمن 1400
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 دی 1400