مقایسۀ توزیع بارش در تیپ‌های جنگلی بلوط، اوجا و انجیلی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 دانشجوی دکترای عمران و بهره‏ برداری جنگل، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 دانشجوی دکترای عمران و بهره ‏برداری جنگل، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

4 دانشجوی دکترای علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

در بوم‏سازگان‏های جنگلی، ویژگی‏های پوشش گیاهی همراه با متغیرهای اقلیمی تأثیر زیادی بر توزیع اجزای بارش و چرخۀ آب می‏گذارد. از طرفی، چرخۀ آب کارکرد بسیار زیادی در روابط بین خاک، پوشش گیاهی و محیط در سطوح مختلف به عهده دارد. این چرخه یکی از پدیده‏های مهم اکولوژیکی در جامعه‏های‏ زیستی به‌خصوص در بوم‏سازگان جنگلی است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف اندازه‏گیری مقادیر بارش، هدررفت ‏ربایشی، میان‏گذر، ساقاب در توده‏های بلوط، اوجا و انجیلی در محل دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس شهرستان نور به‏عنوان نمایندگان توده‏های جنگل‏های هیرکانی کشور انجام شده است. اندازه‏گیری اجزای بارش توسط 23 ظرف جمع‏آوری‌کننده طی دورۀ یک‌ساله از تاریخ 15/08/1397 تا 15/08/1398 با ثبت 34 رگبار انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین میزان ساقاب به‏‏ترتیب در تیپ‏های بلوط، انجیلی و اوجا با مقدار 97/0، 56/0 و 34/0 درصد بود. بین ساقاب و بارندگی کل یک رابطۀ افزاینده و قوی در تیپ انجیلی (70/0R2=) به‏دست آمد. بیشترین میزان هدررفت ربایشی به‏ترتیب در گونه‏های بلوط، اوجا و انجیلی با مقدار 19، 17 و 8 درصد بوده است. تحلیل رگرسیون بین میزان بارندگی کل و میانگین هدررفت ‏ربایشی در گونۀ بلوط (61/0R2=) در اوجا (62/0R2=) و در گونۀ انجیلی (46/0R2=) مشاهده شد. نتیجۀ آزمون ANOVA نیز مؤید نبود اختلاف معنا‏دار بین هدررفت‏ ربایشی (790/0P=) و میان‏گذر (894/0P=) بین سه تیپ مطالعاتی بوده است. در حالی ‏که اختلاف بین میزان رطوبت موجود در لاش‏برگ‏های بلوط نسبت به دو تیپ اوجا و انجیلی (015/0=P) و همچنین، بین مقادیر ساقاب تیپ‏های بلوط و اوجا (009/0P=) معنادار بوده است.

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دوره 7، شماره 2
تیر 1399
صفحه 383-396
  • تاریخ دریافت: 01 بهمن 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 اردیبهشت 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 اردیبهشت 1399
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 تیر 1399
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 تیر 1399