Journal of Ecohydrology

Journal of Ecohydrology

Analysis of Socio-Economic Drivers of Stakeholder Participation in Watershed Governance (Case Study: Tochal–Pakdasht Watershed)

Document Type : Research Article

Authors
1 Department of Nature Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan
2 . Department of Nature Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
3 Department of Nature Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
Abstract
Land degradation, accelerated soil erosion, and flash floods have necessitated extensive watershed management in Iran's semi-arid watersheds, yet long-term sustainability depends on local participation and satisfaction. This descriptive-analytical study assessed participation and satisfaction among rural residents of the Touchal-Pakdasht watershed. Data were collected via structured questionnaires and face-to-face interviews with 207 household heads across three villages using stratified random sampling and analyzed with SPSS. Results showed relatively favorable mean participation (3.78/5) and satisfaction (3.65/5). Executive participation scored highest (4.02), while monitoring-evaluation scored lowest (3.13). Social satisfaction (3.72) exceeded environmental (3.61) and economic satisfaction (3.59). A significant positive correlation between participation and satisfaction was confirmed (r=0.681). Significant spatial differences in participation emerged, with the upstream village scoring highest and the downstream village lowest. Education (r=0.42), prior project exposure (r=0.42), and income (r=0.31) showed the strongest correlations with participation. The regression model identified monthly income (β=0.278), occupation (β=0.226), and land and livestock ownership (β=0.221) as significant predictors of satisfaction. These findings indicate participation remains limited to information and implementation phases, with sharp decline in strategic decision-making. Reforming the current top-down, engineering-oriented approach toward participatory management through rural advisory councils, targeted economic incentives, and transparent reporting mechanisms is recommended.
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Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 29 July 2026

  • Receive Date 12 July 2026
  • Revise Date 23 July 2026
  • Accept Date 01 June 2026
  • First Publish Date 29 July 2026
  • Publish Date 29 July 2026