Investigating the contribution of climate variability and land use change in water quality changes of Haraz River (Mazandaran Province)

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Candidate in Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari

2 Professor., Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan

Abstract

To analyze surface water quality in the Haraz River, 12 water quality variables accompanied by hydro-climatologic parameters analyzed by Mann-Kendall Non-parametric test during the period of 1991-2015. To detect probable effects of land use changes, these changes also analyzed by GIS in 1991, 2006 and 2015 years. The results showed that most of time series of water quality have significant increasing trend that represents severe reduction in water quality of Haraz river. According to the results of Mann-Kendall test (trend analysis of hydro-climatic parameters, detection of abrupt change point and Kendall τ correlation test) and also land use changes trend, it was concluded that both climatic and land use change can be effective on reducing the quality of water resources so that temperature increase and precipitation decrease on one hand can be led to decrease of some parameters such as Ca2+, HCO3- and TH, and on the other hand, these changes together with land use changes can be the main reason of increase in most of parameters such as TDS, EC, Na+, Cl-, SAR etc.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1]. Yousefi H, Mohamadi A, Nourollahi Y, Sadatinejad SJ. Evaluation of surface water resources quality in Hiou Basin, Iranian Journal of Ecohydrology, 2016; 3 (2): 141-149. [Persian]
[2]. Kauffman GJ, Belden AC. Water quality trends (1970 to 2005) along Delaware streams in the Delaware and Chesapeake Bay watersheds, USA. Water Air Soil Pollut, 2010; 208: 345-375.
[3]. Ramazani Moghadam J, Moazed H, Hamzeh S, Khoubyari A, Vatanara M. Detection of a regression model between the Total Dissolved Salts (TDS) and Karun River discharge for different time series. The eight international conference in river engineering. Chamran Shahid University, 2009. [Persian]
[4]. Ye L, Li DF, Tang T, Chu XD, Cai QH. Spatial distribution of water quality in Xiangxi River, China. Chinese J. Appl. Ecolo. 2003; 14: 1959-1962.
[5]. Moradi H, Taghavi N, Bahramifar N. Effect of different land use on surface water quality (Case study: Siahrood Ghaemshahr Watershed). Environmental Erosion Research Journal. 2011; 4: 24-32. [Persian]
[6]. Vafakhah M, Sadeghi SH. Relationship between water quality chemical parameters and discharge in Haraz River. The fifth national conference on watershed management (Sustainable Management of Natural Disasters). 2009; 1-9. [Persian]
[7]. Asghari Moghadam A, Adi Gouzalpour A. Investigation of the concentration of aluminum, iron, manganese, chromium and cadmium in groundwater of Oshnavieh Plain. Iranian Journal of Ecohydrology. 2016; 3 (2): 167-179. [Persian]
[8]. Norouzi H, Nadiri A, Asghari Moghadam A. Investigation of groundwater contamination in Malekan Plain due to Arsenic, Iranian Journal of Ecohydrology, 2016; 3 (2): 151-166. [Persian]
[9]. Zare Garizi A, Sadodin A, Vahed Bordi Sh, Salman Mahini A. Investigation of the trend of long-term changes in river water quality variables in Chehel Chay River (Golestan Province), Iranian Water Research Journal (IWRJ), 2012; 6 (10): 155-165. [Persian]
[10]. Salajagheh A, Razavizadeh S, Khorasani N, Hamidifar M, Salajagheh S. Land use changes and its effects on river water quality (Case study: Karkheh Basin). Journal of Environmental Studies. 2011; 58: 81-86. [Persian]
[11]. Boyacioglu H. Investigation of temporal trends in hydrochemical quality of surface water in western Turkey. Bull. Environ. Contam. 2008; 80: 469-474.
[12]. Ketata M, Hamzaoui F, Gueddari M, Bouhila R, Riberio L. Hydrochemical and statistical study of groundwater in Gabes-South deep aquifer (South-eastern Tunisis). Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 2010; 36: 187-196.
[13]. Patil PN, Sawant DV, Deshmukh RN. Physico-chemical parameters for testing of water, A review. International Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2012; 3 (3): 1194-1207.
[14]. Meybeck M. Global analysis of river systems: from earth system controls to anthropocene syndromes. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 2003; 358: 1935-1955.
[15]. Khadam IM, Kaluarachchi JJ. Water quality modeling under hydrologic variability and parameter uncertainty using erosion-scaled export coefficients. Journal of Hydrology, 2006; 330: 354-367.
[16]. Joukar Sarhangi A. Geomorphology on the Haraz River basin. Msc Thesis, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran. 1993; p 242. [Persian]
[17]. Khaliq MN, Ouarda TBM J, Gachon P, Sushama L, St-Hilaire A. Identification of hydrological trends in the presence of serial and cross correlations: A review of selected methods and their application to annual flow regimes of Canadian rivers. Journal of Hydrology, 2009; 368: 117-130.
[18]. Durbin J, Watson GS. Testing for serial correlation in least squares regression. III.Biometrika, 1971; 58: 1-19.
[19]. Yue S, Wang CY. Applicability of prewhitening to eliminate the influence of serial correlation on the Mann-Kendall test. Water Resources Research, 2002; 38 (6): 1068.
[20]. Chen Y, Xu Ch, Hao X, Li W, Chen Y, Zhu Ch, Ye Zh. Fifty-year climate change and its effect on annual runoff in the Tarim River Basin, China. Quaternary International, 2009; 208: 53-61.
[21]. Kendall MG. Rank Correlation Measures. London: Charles Griffin. 1975.
[22]. Mann HB. Non-parametric tests against trend, Econometric, 1945; 13: 245-259.
[23]. Yang Y, Chen Y, Li W, Wang M, Sun G. Impact of Climate Change on River Runoff in Northern Xinjiang of China over Last Fifty Years, Chinese Geographical Science, 2010; 20 (3): 193-201.
[24]. Sabziparvar A, Mirmasoudi S Sh, Nazemosadat MJ. Investigation of evapotranspiration long term changes in few country warm climatic instances, Natural Geography Researches. 2011; 75: 1-17. [Persian]
[25]. Yu PS, Yang TC, Wu CK. Impact of climate change on water resources in southern Taiwan. Journal of Hydrology, 2002; 260 (1): 161-175.
[26]. Xu C, Li J, Gao S, Chen Y. Climate variations in northern Xinjiang of China over the past 50 years under global warming. Quaternary International, 2015; 358: 83-92.
[27]. Kendall MG. A new measure of rank correlation. Biometrika. 1938; 30: 81–93.
[28]. Chen H, Guo S, Xu C, Singh V P. Historical temporal trends of hydroclimatic variables and runoff response to climate variability and their relevance in water resource management in the Hanjiang basin. Journal of Hydrology. 2007; 344: 171–184.
[29]. Darabi H, Shahedi K, Solaimani K, Miryaghoubzadeh M. Prioritization of subwatersheds based on flooding conditions using hydrological model, multivariate analysis and remote sensing technique. Water and Environment Journal, 2014; 28 (3): 382-392
[30]. Fatemi, SB, Rezaei Y. Principle of Remote Sensing. Azadeh Press, 2010; pp 257. [Persian]
[31]. Li X, Yeh A. Neural-network-based cellular automata for simulating multiple land use changes using GIS. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 2002; 16 (4): 323-343.
[32]. Hem JD. Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural water, third ed. U.S. Geol. Surv, 1985; 2254: 263pp.
[33]. Global Environment Monitoring System-GEMS. Salts and salinization of surface waters. http://www.gemswater.org/atlasgwq/salts.html, 2007.
[34]. Langmuir D. Aqueous Environmental Geochemistry, Prentice-Hall Inc, 1997; 600 pp.
[35]. Hatt BE, Fletcher TD, Walsh CJ, Taylor SL. The influence of urban density and drainage infrastructure on the concentrations and loads of pollutants in small streams. Environmental Management. 2004; 34: 112-124.
[36]. Newall P, Walsh CJ. Response of epileptic diatom assemblages to urbanization influences. Hydrobiologia. 2005; 532: 53-67.
[37]. Zare N, Saadati N. Drought effects on water resources of Karoon and Dez rivers in Khoozestan province. The first national conference on investigation of strategies to meet with water-scarce and drought, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research in Kerman province. 2000. [Persian]
Iranian journal of Ecohydrology
Volume 4, Issue 4
January 2018
Pages 1151-1163

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 10 May 2017
  • Revise Date: 02 July 2017
  • Accept Date: 03 July 2017
  • First Publish Date: 22 December 2017
  • Publish Date: 22 December 2017

Share

How to cite

Statistics