Determination of Flood Prone Areas with FR, SI and Shannon Models in Order to Reduce Flood Risks (Case Study: Kashkan Watershed)

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Lorestan University, Iran

3 PhD Student in water structures, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Iran

4 PhD Student in Watershed Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan

Abstract

The mapping of flood-prone areas for the purpose of storing run-off to supply the water needed for various purposes, as well as controlling flood damage, shows the importance and necessity of this issue in order to protect natural and human resources. The Lorestan province and especially the Kashkan basin, including: Selseleh, Delfan, Doreh, Khorramabad, Poldakhtar and Kuhdasht, are very flooded and have suffered flood damages many times and in April 2019 had the biggest flood of the last 200 years. In this research, an attempt has been made to map flood zonation in order to reduce flood hazards in Kashkan watershed using frequency ratio models, statistical index and Shannon entropy and also using ArcGIS based methods to improve the decision. Provide flood control and management in this area. For this purpose, the geographical location of 123 floodplains in the region were divided into two groups: calibration and validation. In the implementation of all three models, effective parameters in floods including: slope, slope direction, land curvature, geology, land use, soil science, topographic moisture index, precipitation, waterway density, distance from waterway and digital elevation model of the region were used. The ROC curve in SPSS software was also used to validate the model results. The highest accuracy for this region was assigned to Shannon entropy model (0.82, very good) and then the frequency ratio model and statistical index (0.78, good) were introduced as suitable for this region. The results show that Shannon entropy model shows a larger area of ​​the basin under conditions of high flood risk potential (about 40% of the area in the flood risk category is high and very high) that most of the western areas as well as the central areas of the basin which are located in Kuhdasht, Khorramabad and Poldakhtar. Due to the fact that these areas were introduced to the Kashkan basin in recent studies with other methods, they were introduced as more prone.

Keywords

References

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Iranian journal of Ecohydrology
Volume 8, Issue 1
April 2021
Pages 307-319

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History

  • Receive Date: 05 November 2020
  • Revise Date: 31 January 2021
  • Accept Date: 31 January 2021
  • First Publish Date: 14 March 2021
  • Publish Date: 21 March 2021

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