کاربرد مدل LAPSUS در برآورد رواناب و رسوب در حوضۀ زوجی کاخک شهرستان گناباد

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‏ آموختۀ دکتری علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری دانشگاه یزد

2 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی و کویر‌شناسی، دانشگاه یزد

3 استاد، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

در این تحقیق مدل LAPSUS به‌عنوان یک مدل برآورد رواناب و فرسایش و رسوب برای نخستین‌بار در ایران در حوضۀ زوجی کاخک شهرستان گناباد معرفی و اجرا شده است. مدل LAPSUS یک مدل تغییر چشم‌انداز است که قادر به محاسبۀ حجم رواناب، فرسایش و رسوب طی چهار مرحله محاسبۀ بارش مؤثر، روندیابی جریان سطحی، محاسبۀ ظرفیت حمل رسوب و محاسبۀ میزان حمل رسوب است. ورودی‏های این مدل شامل مدل رقومی ارتفاع، مقدار بارش، ضریب رواناب، عامل همگرایی، ضرایب ویژۀ دبی و شیب و عامل فرسایندگی و ته‏نشست است. نتایج نشان داد مدل LAPSUS قادر است حجم رواناب و فرسایش و رسوب روندیابی شده از وقایع را به‏صورت نقشه‏های رواناب و فرسایش و رسوب با فرمت رستری به‌خوبی نمایش دهد. نتایج اعتبارسنجی نیز نشان داد مقدار RMSE نرمال‌شده برای مقادیر رواناب 5/3 درصد و برای فرسایش 6/2 درصد است. همچنین ضریب تبیین برای داده‏های رواناب 99 درصد و برای داده‏های فرسایش 97 درصد است. بر این اساس با توجه به ورودی‏های در دسترس و محدود، این مدل می‏تواند به‌عنوان یک مدل برآورد رواناب، فرسایش و رسوب برای ایران معرفی شود.
 
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Use of LAPSUS Model to Estimate the Runoff and sedimentin the Kakhk paired catchment of Gonabad

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Eshghizadeh 1
  • Mohamad taghi Dastoorani 2
  • Hamhd reza Azimzade 3
1 Ph.D. of WatershedScience andEngineering, Yazd University
2 Associate Prof Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
3 Professor,Department of Watershed Management,Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this research introduced the LAPSUS model as a runoff, erosion and sediment model in Iran. This model for the first time has operatedin Iran at Kakhk paired catchment of Gonabad. LAPSUS model is a Landscape Evolution Model that can estimate the runoff, erosion and sediment at the four stage include: calculate the effective rainfall, runoff routing, calculate the capacity of sediment transport and calculate the rate ofsediment transport. The input to the models include DEM, amount of rainfall, runoff coefficient, convergence factor, discharge and slope exponent, erodibility and sedimentation potential factors.The result showed that the LAPSUS model is able to show runoff, erosion and sediment as a raster maps for each rainfall event. The result showed LAPSUS model has a normalized RMSE of 3.5 percent for runoff and 2.6 percent for sediment. Also,Coefficientof Determinationis 99 percent for runoff and 97 percent for erosion and sediment. On this basis, due to limited and available inputs, this model can be introduced as a runoff, erosion and sediment model in Iran.
 
 
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • LAPSUS model
  • LEM model
  • Routing
  • Sediment transport capacity
 
1-    Ahmadi, H., Ekhtesasi, M.R, 1996. The effect of Pebbles Mulch to Control of Wind Erosion on Clay and Salty Lands. Journal of Desert, 5(2), pp. 1-4. (In persian)
2-    Baartman, J.E.M., Temme, A.J.A.M., Schoorl, J.M., Claessens, L., Viveen, W., van Gorp, W. and Veldkamp, A, 2009, Landscape Evolution Modelling-LAPSUS. In Congreso Internacional sobre Desertificación.
3-    Baartman, J.E.M., Temme, A.J.A.M., Veldkamp, T., Jetten, V.G. and Schoorl, G.M, 2013, Exploring the role of rainfall variability and extreme events in long-term landscape development. Catena, 109. pp. 25–38.
4-    Baartman, J.E.M., Van Gorp, W., Temme,A.J.A.M. and Schoorl, J.M, 2012, Modelling sediment dynamics due to hillslope–river interactions: incorporating fluvial behaviour in landscape evolution model LAPSUS. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 37, pp. 923-935.
5-    Buis, E. and Veldkamp, A, 2008, Modelling dynamic water redistribution patterns in arid catchments in the Negev Desert. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 33(1), pp.107-122.
6-    Claessens, L., Schoorl, J.M., Verburg, P.H., Geraedts, L. and Veldkamp, A, 2009, Modelling interactions and feedback mechanisms between land use change and landscape processes. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 129(1-3), pp. 157-170.
7-    Eshghizadeh, M., Fazelpoor, M.R. and Ekhtesasi, M.R, 2015, Analysis of Analytical Hierarchy Process Method to Prioritize and Determine the Most Important Factors Influencing Sediment Yield in Semi-arid Region of Iran. Int. J. Farm Alli. Sci, 4(1), pp. 37-49
8-    Eshghizadeh, M., Talebi, A., Dastorani, M.T. and Azimzadeh, H.R, 2016, Effect of natural land covers on runoff and soil loss at the hill-slope scale. Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management, 2(2), pp. 125-134.
9-    Foster, G.R. and Meyer, L.D, 1975, Mathematical simulation of upland erosion by fundamental erosion mechanics. In: Anonymous (Ed.), Present and Perspective Technology for Predicting Sediment Yields and Sources. Proceedings of the Sediment Yield Workshop, Oxford 1972, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, pp. 190–207.
10- Freeman, T.G, 1991, Calculating catchment area with divergent flow based on a regular grid.Computers & Geosciences, 17(3), pp.413-422.
11- Holmgren, P, 1994, Multiple flow direction algorithms for runoff modelling in grid based elevation models: An empirical evaluation. Hydrological processes, 8, pp. 327-334.
12- Keesstra, S.D., Temme, A.J.A.M., Schoorl, J.M. and Visser, S.M, 2014, Evaluating the hydrological component of the new catchment-scale sediment delivery model LAPSUS-D. Geomorphology, 212, pp. 97-107.
13- khazaee, M., Mirzaei, M.R., Malekian, A, 2014. Evaluating the efficiency of two artificial neural network approach (MLP and RBF) for rainfall-runoff modeling. Water Management in Arid Lands, 1(1)., pp. 1-12. (In persian)
14- Kirkby, M.J, 1971, Hillslope process-response models based on the continuity equation. Inst. Br. Geography Specification Publication, 3, pp. 15-30.
15- Lesschen, J.P., Schoorl ,J.M. and Cammeraat, L.H, 2009, Modelling runoff and erosion for a semi-arid catchment using a multi-scale approach based on hydrological connectivity. Geomorphology, 109, pp. 174–183.
16- Mahmoodzadeh, A, 2004. Research methods in soil erosion. University of Orumie Press. (In persian)
17- Osmani, H., Motamedvaziri, B., Moeni, A, 2013. Simulation of discharge, calibration and validation of SWAT model, case study: Tehran Latyan dam upstream. Watershed Engineering and Management, 5(2), pp. 13-143. (In persian)
18- Pilesjö, p. and Hasan, A, 2014, A Triangular Form-based Multiple Flow Algorithm to Estimate Overland Flow Distribution and Accumulation on a Digital Elevation Model. Transactions in GIS, 18(1), pp.108-124.
19- Quinn, P., Beven, K., Chevallier, P. and Planchon, O, 1991, The prediction of hillslope flow paths for distributed hydrological modelling using digital terrain models. Hydrological Processes, 5, pp. 59-79.
20- Refahi, H, 2006. Water Erosion and Conservation. University of Tehran Press. (In persian)
21- Roohipoor, H., Javadi, P., Mahboobi, A.A, 2005. The Effect of Stone Cover on Erostion and sediment of two types of soil by using of Flume and Simulated rain. 3rd Erosion and Sediment National Conference. Tehran, Soil Conservation and Watershed Research Center. (In persian)
22- Savage, M.J, 1993, Statistical aspects of model validation. Presented at a workshop on the field water balance in the modeling of cropping systems, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
23- Schoorl, J.M., Sonneveld, M.P.W. and Veldkamp, A, 2000, Three-dimensional landscape process modelling: the effect of DEM resolution. Earth Surf.Proc. Landforms, 25, pp. 1025-1034.
24- Schoorl, J.M, 2002, Addressing the Multi-scale Lapsus of Landscape. Ph.D. thesis, Wageningen University.
25- Schoorl, J.M., Temme, A.J.A.M. and Veldkamp, T, 2014, Modelling centennial sediment waves in an eroding landscape – catchment complexity. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 39, pp. 1526–1537.
26- Schoorl, J.M., Veldkamp, A. and Bouma, J, 2002, Modeling water and soil redistribution in a dynamic landscape context. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J, 66, pp. 1610–1619.
27- Schoorl, J.M. and Veldkamp, A, 2001, Linking land use and landscape process modelling: a case study for the Alora region (South Spain). Agric.Ecosyst.Environ, 85, pp. 281-292.
28- Talebi, A., Eshghizadeh, M., Dastorani, M.T., Azimzadeh, H.R, 2014. Watershed Measures Impacts on Surface Runoff Routing by use of Multiple Flow Direction Algorithm. Iranian Journal of Ecohydrology, 1(2), pp.83-97. (In persian)
29- Tarboton, D.G, 1997, A new method for the determination of flow directions and upslope areas in grid digital elevation models. Water Resources Research, 33(2), pp. 309–319.
30- Temme, A.J.A.M., Schoorl, J.M. and Veldkamp, A, 2006, Algorithm for dealing with depressions in dynamic landscape evolution models. Comp.Geosci, 32, pp. 452 - 461.
31- Temme, A.J.A.M. and Veldkamp, A, 2009, Multi-process Late Quaternary landscape evolution modelling reveals lags in climate response over small spatial scales. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 34(4), pp. 573 - 589.
32- Temme, A.J.A.M., Peeters, I., Buis, E., Veldkamp, A. and Govers, G, 2011, Comparing landscape evolution models with quantitative field data at the millennial time scale in the Belgian loess belt. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 36, pp. 1300–1312.