قاعده لاضرر و حق بر محیط زیست با تأکید بر دریاچۀ ارومیه

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه فقه و حقوق دانشگاه ارومیه

2 دانشجوی دکتری فقه و حقوق دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

دریاچۀ ارومیهبا وجود داشتن ویژگی‏های زیست‌محیطی منحصر‌به‌فرد، در نتیجۀ دخالت عوامل طبیعی و انسانی، در معرض خشک‌شدن قرار گرفته و به‌خلاف کارکردی که می‏توانست در تعدیل شرایط زیست‌محیطی منطقه داشته باشد، به تهدیدی برای امنیت انسانی و نقض حقوق اساسی آنها، از جمله حق حیات، حق سلامتی، حق برخورداری از محیط زیست پاک و... تبدیل شده است. با وجود مشکلات یادشده، آنچه بررسی آن ضروری است، پرداختن به این سؤال اساسی است که چگونه می‏توان از مبانی فقهی برای توجیه حق بر محیط زیست در خصوص دریاچۀ ارومیه استفاده کرد؟ کارکرد قاعدۀ لاضرر ـ به عنوان یکی از قواعد مسلّم فقهی ـ در اثبات این حق چیست؟ آیا از این قاعده می‏توان برای پیشگیری و جبران ضرر نسبت به رفتار و اقدامات تهدیدکنندۀ محیط زیست استفاده کرد؟ پژوهش حاضر با درک این ضرورت، به بررسی مفهوم حق بر محیط زیست و مفهوم قاعدۀ لاضرر پرداخته و کوشیده است با بررسی ارتباط این دو مفهوم، جایگاه استدلالی قاعدۀ لاضرر در اثبات حقوق زیست‌محیطی دریاچۀ ارومیه را روشن کند و از این رهگذر، به ارائۀ راهکارهایی به‌منظور حفاظت از دریاچه و تأمین حقوق زیست‌محیطی پیرامون آن دست یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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دوره 5، شماره 1
فروردین 1397
صفحه 331-341
  • تاریخ دریافت: 31 مرداد 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 04 بهمن 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 بهمن 1396
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 فروردین 1397
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 فروردین 1397