تعیین نقش جنگل‏‌های بلوط در حفاظت از کیفیت آب بر پایۀ تابع تولید خدمات در حوضۀ زوجی تنگ‌شول فارس

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد و مدیریت جنگل، گروه جنگل‌داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 دانشیار گروه احیای مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

3 دانشیار گروه جنگل‌داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

4 استاد بخش اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز

5 استادیار پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی فارس، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی ایران

چکیده

آب‏‌های سطحی از مهم‌ترین منابع تأمین آب‏‌های آشامیدنی هستند که تحت تنش‏‌های محیطی و انسانی قرار دارند. تحقیقات زیادی اثر مثبت پوشش جنگلی را بر کیفیت آب نشان داده‌‌اند، ولی نبود اطلاعات کمی و اقتصادی در زمینۀ تأثیر جنگل بر کیفیت آب، موجب شده است تا این مسئله فقط به طور کیفی بیان شود. اطلاعات کمی و به‌ویژه تأثیر آن بر هزینۀ پالایش آب در ایران بسیار کم است و یا موجود نیست. به این منظور، در پژوهش حاضر زیرحوضه‏‌های جنگلی با درصدهای تاج‏ پوشش مختلف در حوضۀ تنگ‌شول کامفیروز فارس انتخاب و شاخص کیفیت (WQI) آب با استفاده از متغیرهای فیزیکی‌ـ شیمیایی رواناب‏‌های حاصل از بارندگی تعیین شد. همچنین، برای نخستین‌بار تابع تولید خدمت کیفیت آب در جنگل با درنظرگرفتن سایر ویژگی‏‌های جنگل به‏ طور کمی برآورد شد. نتایج نشان داد شاخص کیفیت آب در درصدهای تاج پوشش بیشتر از طبقۀ 20ـ 30، در مقیاس کیفی خوب قرار دارند، همچنین با افزایش هر یک درصد تاج‏ پوشش جنگلی، شاخص کیفیت به میزان 8/0 درصد بهبود می‌‌یابد و افزایش هر یک درصد مساحت زیرحوضۀ جنگلی، سبب کاهش 14/0درصدی کیفیت آب‏‌ می‏‌شود. سازند آغاجاری نیز نسبت به آسماری اثر منفی و خاک شنی لومی نسبت به خاک لومی و رسی اثر مثبتی بر کیفیت آب در منطقه دارند. یافته‌های پژوهش افزایش تاج‏ پوشش جنگلی برای حفاظت از کیفیت آب تا 30 درصد، هزینه‏‌های تصفیه را به کمترین حد می‌رساند و آب‏‌های تأمین‌‌شده از این جنگل‏‌ها‏‌ می‏‌تواند مستقیم به مصرف شرب انسانی برسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determining of the Oak forests’ role on protecting water quality based on the service function in Tang-e Shool, Fars

نویسندگان [English]

  • Touba Rousta 1
  • Ali akbar Nazari samani 2
  • Seyed Mahdi Heshmatolvaezin 3
  • Mansour Zibaei 4
  • Pedram Attarod 3
  • Seyed Kazem Bordbar 5
1 Department of forestry and forest economy, faculty of natural resources, university of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 department of reclamation of arid region, faculty of natural resources, university of Tehran, Karaj
3 Department of forestry and forest economy, faculty of natural resources, university of Tehran, Karaj
4 Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shiraz, Shiraz
5 Fars Agriculture and Natural Resources Researches Center, Shiraz
چکیده [English]

Surface water is an important source for drinking water, which are under environmental and anthropogenic stresses. There are several evidences confirming that forest cover positively affects water quality. However, little quantitate information is available regarding the impacts of forest canopy cover on purification of drinking water quality in Iran. To achieve this, we selected several forested catchments with different ground canopy cover in Tang-e-Shool forest located in the Fars province and Water Quality Index (WQI) were measured by using physicochemical parameters. The production function of water quality service was also estimated by taking into account other characteristics of the forested micro catchments. Our results showed that the WQI in 30% crown cover is in a good quality scale. Also with an increase of 1% in the crown cover, WQI will improve by 0.8% and an increase of 1% in the area of the micro catchment causes a decline of 0.14 percent of WQI. Also, Aghajari Formation has a negative effect on WQI compare to Asmari. According to this study increasing the crown cover to protect water quality by up to 30%, will minimize treatment costs and the waters provided by these forests can be used for human drinking purposes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • oak forests
  • Water quality index
  • physicochemical parameters
  • crown cover percentage

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اکوهیدرولوژی
دوره 5، شماره 3
مهر 1397
صفحه 843-853

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 01 دی 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 24 بهمن 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 اردیبهشت 1397

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