ارزیابی تعادل اکوسیستمی در حکم‌رانی تلفیقی آب و غذا با استفاده از رویکرد بازیگر‌مدار انطباقی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

2 استاد گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران ایران

3 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه باغبانی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

5 همکار پژوهشی انستیتوی نیوکاسل برای پژوهش در زمینۀ پایداری

چکیده

کاستی‏های حکم‏رانی تک‏بخشی، لزوم مراجعه به حکم‏رانی تلفیقی آب و غذا برای دستیابی به توسعۀ پایدار را افزایش داده است. در ‌پژوهش حاضر رویکردی توسعه داده شده است که حکم‏رانی آب و غذا را به‏‏صورت جامع و با استفاده از اصول حکم‏رانی پایدار ارزیابی می‏کند. شکست‏های موجود در حوضۀ آبخیز میناب و نبود چارچوب عملی برای ارزیابی و تحلیل حکم‏رانی جامع آب و غذا پژوهش حاضر را ضروری ساخته است. تدوین اصول حکم‏رانی پایدار آب و غذا با بهره‏گیری از پژوهش‏های موجود در زمینۀ حکم‏رانی پایدار و اهداف توسعۀ ‏پایدار انجام شد. بر این اساس در پژوهش حاضر، در مجموع 12 اصل و 69 شاخص برای حکم‏رانی پایدار آب و غذا تدوین شد. داده‏های پژوهش با استفاده از پرسشنامه و مصاحبۀ حضوری با 40 نفر از بازیگران مؤثر در حکم‏رانی آب و غذا به دست آمد. نتایج پژوهش حاضر‌ نشان داد ‌89/2 درصد از شاخص‏ها وضعیت مطلوب و 11/97 درصد نیز وضعیتی نامطلوب دارند. نمرۀ تعادل اکوسیستمی ‏حکم‏رانی آب و غذا 56/2 از 5 است و با توجه به نمرۀ 3 به عنوان وضعیت مطلوب، نارسایی‏های موجود در ساختار کنونی حکم‏رانی آب و غذا را گوشزد می‏کند. پژوهش پیش رو چالش‏های حکم‏رانی تلفیقی آب و غذا مانند مشارکت مؤثر ذی‌نفعان و تعادل اکوسیستمی بوم‏سازگان ‏طبیعی را نشان می‌دهد و به تعادل اکوسیستمی حکم‏رانی آنها کمک می‏کند. با توجه به رویکرد ارائه‌شده، ساختار حکم‏رانی موجود در مناطق گرم و خشک که وابستگی زیاد به کشاورزی و آب زیرزمینی دارند، از نظر بازیگر‏مدار و انطباقی بودن قابل ارزیابی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of the Ecosystem Balance of Integrated Water and Food Governance using an Adaptive Actor-Oriented Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdolmajid Azhir 1
  • Mohammad Ebrahim Banihabib 2
  • Mehdi Hashemy Shahdany 3
  • Mahmood Lotfi 4
  • Seyed Mokhtar Hashemi 5
1 MSc Student of Water Resources Engineering, Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Irrigation Engineering, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehra, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Irrigation Engineering, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Genetics and breeding of vegetables, Iran Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Iran
5 PhD, Newcastle Research teammate for Sustainability Research, Iran
چکیده [English]

The shortcomings of unitary governance have increased the need to refer to integrated governance of food and water to achieve sustainable development. In this research, an approach has been developed that evaluates the governance of food and water comprehensively and through the use of the principles of sustainable governance. The failures in the Minab watershed and the lack of a practical framework for assessing and analyzing comprehensive food and water governance have made this research necessary. The principles of sustainable governance of water and food were developed using research on sustainable governance and sustainable development goals. Accordingly, in the present study, a total of 12 principles and 69 indicators were developed for the ecosystem-balance in food and water governance. The research data were obtained through a face-to-face questionnaire and face-to-face interviews with 40 actors influencing food and water governance. The results showed that 2.89% of the indicators had a favorable status and 97.11% had a poor status. The score for the ecosystem-balance in food and water governance is 2.56 out of 5 and with regard to score 3 as a desirable situation, which points to the failures in the current structure of food and water governance. The current research highlights the challenges of integrated governance of water and food, such as effective stakeholder engagement and for the ecosystem-balance, and contributes to their sustainability. According to the approach presented, the governance structure in arid and dry regions that are highly dependent on agriculture and groundwater can be evaluated in terms of actors and adaptability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ecosystem balance principals
  • actors
  • evaluation index
  • rules
  • governance framework
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