ارزیابی کیفی رودخانۀ گرگان‌رود با استفاده از شاخص NSFWQI در منطقۀ شهری گنبدکاووس

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس

2 استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس

3 دانشیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس

4 دانشیار گروه شیمی، دانشکدۀ علوم پایه، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس

چکیده

ایجاد یک برنامۀ کنترلی و منظم این امکان را فراهم می‏کند که راهکارهای مناسب به منظور کاهش آلودگی حوضۀ آبریز رودخانه‏ها و در نهایت، ارتقای وضعیت کیفی آب این منابع اتخاذ شود. هدف از انجام تحقیق حاضر، بررسی اثر فاضلاب شهری بر کیفیت رودخانۀ گرگان‌رود در منطقۀ شهرنشین گنبدکاووس است. نمونه‏برداری در فصل پاییز 1396 با تناوب دو هفته یک‌بار و در مجموع 6 نمونه‏برداری از 4 ایستگاه در حد فاصل سد گلستان تا خروجی رودخانۀ گرگان‌رود از شهر گنبدکاووس انجام شد. برای بررسی کیفیت رودخانۀ گرگان‌رود در محدودۀ مطالعاتی، از شاخص کیفی NSFWQI استفاده شد. بر اساس فاکتورهای اندازه‏گیری‌شده، شاخص NSFWQI برای ایستگاه‏های مطالعه‌شده محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد مقدار عددی این شاخص در ایستگاه ورودی شهر گنبدکاووس بیشترین مقدار را داشت (05/0 < p) و مقدار این شاخص از ایستگاه ورودی شهر به سمت ایستگاه خروجی شهر روند نزولی داشت که به‏ترتیب 17/48، 72/42، 06/43 و 94/40 به دست آمد. تفسیر مقدار عددی بر اساس شاخص NSFWQI برای ایستگاه‏های مطالعه‌شده نشان می‏دهد کیفیت آب رودخانۀ گرگان‌رود در منطقۀ شهری گنبدکاووس از نوع بد بوده و رنگ مربوط به این شاخص نیز نارنجی است. عوامل دخیل در کاهش کیفیت آب رودخانه بر این اساس عوامل انسانی مانند تخلیۀ فاضلاب‏های شهری تصفیه‌نشده به رودخانه به دلیل نبود سیستم جمع‏آوری و تصفیه‌کنندۀ فاضلاب، دفع و تجمع زباله‏ها در بستر رودخانه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Quality Assessment of Gorganrood River Using NSFWQI Index in Gonbad kavus Urban Area

نویسندگان [English]

  • Solmaz Ghaziani 1
  • Ali Heshmatpour 2
  • Masoumeh Ferasati 3
  • Faramarz Rostami 4
1 MSc. Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbadkavus University, Gonbadkavus, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbadkavus University, Gonbadkavus, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbadkavus University, Gonbadkavus, Iran
4 Associate Professor of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
چکیده [English]

Creating a regular control program will allow appropriate strategies to reduce the pollution of riverside catchment and, finally, improve the water quality of these resources. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect urban wastewater on the quality of Gorgan River in the Gonbadkavous basin. Sampling was carried out in the 3 months of autumn of 1396 on a monthly basis with a frequency of two weeks from 4 stations at the distance from the sedelstane to the outlet of the Gorgan River from Gonbadkavus. The quality of NSFWQI index was used to evaluate the quality of the Gorganroud River. Based on the measured factors, the NSFWQI index was calculated for the stations under study. The results showed that the numerical value of this index had the highest value at Gonbadkavos entrance station (p<0.05) and the value of this index decreases from city entrance station to the city exit station. The results were 48.17, 42.72, 43.06 and 40.94, respectively. Interpretation of numerical values based on NSFWQI index for the stations under study shows that the water quality of Gorganrood River in the urban area of Gonbadkavus is poor and the color of this index is also orange. The factors involved in reducing the water quality of the river are based on these two indicators of human factors, such as drainage of untreated urban sewage into the river due to the lack of a sewage collection system, disposal and accumulation of waste and animal waste in the river bed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Urban Wastewater
  • Water Resources Quality
  • Gorganroud Rive
  • East Golestan Province
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