ارزیابی جریان زیست‌‌محیطی رودخانه هررود لرستان با استفاده از روش‌های هیدرولوژیکی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه انرژی‏ های نو و محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ علوم و فنون نوین دانشگاه تهران

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان

3 دانشجوی دکتری سازه‏ های آبی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان

چکیده

با توجه بحران جهانی آب، لزوم برنامه‏ریزی در حفظ و بقای آب از مهم‏ترین برنامه‏های توسعۀ هر کشور است. به‏منظور حفظ اکوسیستم‏های موجود در حوضه‏های آبریز و همچنین، به دلیل کمبود منابع آب و توزیع نامناسب زمانی و مکانی بارش در کشور، باید نیازهای زیست‏محیطی رودخانه‏ها مورد توجه قرار گیرد. در پژوهش حاضر، نیاز زیست‏محیطیحوضۀ آبریز رودخانۀ هررود واقع در استان لرستان در دو ایستگاه هیدرومتری کاکارضا و دهنو طی دورۀ آماری بلندمدت 40 ساله با استفاده از روش‏های هیدرولوژیکی تنانت، تسمن، جریان پایۀ آبزیان، تحلیل منحنی تداوم جریان، تغییر منحنی تداوم جریان که از نرم‏افزار GEFC استفاده شد و اسمختین بررسی شد. آنالیز روند تغییرات آبدهی حوضۀ کاکارضا و دهنو با استفاده از آزمون گرافیکی من‏کندال بررسی شد و نتایج نشان داد نمی‏توان روندی را برای رودخانۀ هررود در محل ایستگاه‏های هیدرومتری کاکارضا و دهنو متصور شد. ‌بین روش‏های هیدرولوژیکی یادشده، روش تغییر منحنی تداوم جریان به علت در نظر گرفتن کلاس‏های مدیریتی اکولوژیکی، توجه به نوسان‌های طبیعی جریان رودخانه و تلاش برای حفظ این نوسان‌ها در جریان زیست‏محیطی پیشنهادی خود در مقایسه با سایر روش‏های مطرح‏شده کارایی بیشتری دارد. نتایج نشان داد برای حفظ نیاز زیست‏محیطی رودخانۀ هررود در کلاس C (کمترین وضعیت اکولوژیکی قابل‏ قبول) در ایستگاه‏های کاکارضا و دهنو به‌‌ترتیب 47/49 و 34/56 درصد متوسط جریان سالانه (به‌ترتیب 63/5 و 42/1 مترمکعب بر ثانیه) مورد نیاز است. توجه به این نکته ضروری است که روش‏های ارائه‏شده در پژوهش حاضر، راه‏حل قطعی برای ارزیابی جریان زیست‏محیطی نیستند، اما به‏کارگیری این روش‏ها در نبود اطلاعات اکولوژیکی لازم و به‏منظور برنامه‏ریزی اولیه برای مدیران، مفید خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of ecological flow of Lorestan Herrud river using hydrological methods

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Yousefi 1
  • Babak Shahinejad 2
  • Ali Kakavand 3
  • M S 3
  • S Sh 3
1 Department of Renewable Energies and Environment, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran
2 Lorestan University
3 LU
چکیده [English]

In order to preserve the existing ecosystems in catchments and also due to lack of water resources and inappropriate temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall in the country, it is necessary to consider the environmental needs of rivers. In the present study, the environmental needs of the Herrud River catchment area located in Lorestan province in two hydrometric stations of Kakarza and Dehno during a long-term statistical period of 40 years using hydrological methods of tenant, tesman, aquatic basin flow, flow continuity curve analysis, change The flow continuity curve using GEFC software and smokhtin was investigated. The analysis of the trend of discharge changes in Kakarza and Dehno basins was investigated using Monkendal graphic test and the results showed that it is not possible to imagine a trend for Herrud river in the location of Kakarza and Dehno hydrometric stations. Among the mentioned hydrological methods, the method of changing the flow continuity curve due to considering ecological management classes, paying attention to the natural fluctuations of river flow and trying to maintain these fluctuations in its proposed environmental flow compared to other methods. These are more efficient. The results showed that in order to maintain the environmental needs of the Herrud River, in class C (lowest acceptable ecological status) in Kakarza and Dehno stations, 49.47% and 56.34% of the average annual flow (5.63%, respectively) And 1.42 cubic meters per second) is required.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Annual flow
  • Environmental needs
  • Flow continuity curve
  • Herrud river
  • Management classes
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