کارایی مدل هیدرولوژیکی HEC-HMS در شبیه‌سازی فرایند بارش‌ـ رواناب در آبخیزهای بالادست شهر گنبد

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 گروه آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

3 گروه مدیریت مناطق بیابانی، دانشکدۀ مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

4 گروه منابع طبیعی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی و عضو پژوهشکدۀ مدیریت آب، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

چکیده

وقوع رخدادهای سیل بزرگ مانند سیل 27 اسفند 1397 در شهر گنبد به‏ طور معمول با خسارت‏های اجتماعی‌ـ اقتصادی و اکولوژیک همراه است. هدف پژوهش حاضر، شبیه‏سازی جریان سیل با مدل هیدرولوژیکی HEC-HMS و ارزیابی عملکرد آن در خروجی آبخیز ارازکوسه مشرف به شهر گنبد و زیرحوضه‏های بالادست آن (آبخیزهای مینودشت و نوده ‏خاندوز) است. مدل HEC-HMS با روش‏های شمارۀ منحنی SCS، هیدروگراف واحد SCS و ماسکینگام کانژ اجرا شد. پارامترهای شمارۀ منحنی، تلفات اولیه، زمان تأخیر و ضریب زبری مانینگ برای ایستگاه‏های ارازکوسه، لزوره و نوده واسنجی شد. سپس، از میانگین پارامترهای واسنجی‌شده، برای اعتبارسنجی مدل در ایستگاه‏های مورد بررسی استفاده شد. نتایج آزمون حساسیت پارامترهای ورودی نشان می‏دهد پارامتر شمارۀ منحنی بیشترین تأثیر را روی عملکرد مدل دارد. شکل هیدروگراف‏های شبیه‏سازی‌شده در مرحلۀ اعتبارسنجی نشان می‏دهد مدل در برآورد مؤلفۀ دبی اوج برای ایستگاه ارازکوسه دارای کم‏تخمینی است. در حالی ‏که شاخص‏های آماری NSE، R2 و KGE برای رویدادهای اعتبارسنجی برای ایستگاه ارازکوسه به‏ترتیب برابر با 81/0، 89/0 و 67/0، برای ایستگاه نوده‏ به‏ترتیب برابر با 85/0، 91/0 و 74/0 و برای ایستگاه لزوره به‏ترتیب برابر 62/0، 72/0 و 61/0 به دست آمد که عملکرد قابل قبول مدل را نشان می‌دهد. با توجه به عملکرد مدل HEC-HMS در شبیه‏سازی هیدروگراف جریان برای آبخیز ارازکوسه و آبخیزهای بالادست آن (مینودشت و نوده‏ خاندوز)، می‏توان از مدل برای پیش‏بینی اثرات هیدرولوژیک اعمال سناریوهای مختلف کاهش ریسک سیل در آبخیزهای بالادست شهر گنبد استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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دوره 10، شماره 3
مهر 1402
صفحه 355-377
  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 اردیبهشت 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 22 خرداد 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 تیر 1402
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 21 آذر 1402
  • تاریخ انتشار: 21 آذر 1402