شبیه سازی میزان هدر رفت کربن آلی خاک در اکوسیستمهای مرتعی با استفاده از مدل SWAT (مطالعه موردی: حوزه آبخیز یلفان - استان همدان)

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد مرتعداری، گروه مهندسی طبیعت، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران

2 نویسنده مسئول، استادیار ، گروه مهندسی طبیعت، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه مهندسی طبیعت، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت مرتع، دانشکده مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

10.22059/ije.2024.380588.1838

چکیده

موضوع: مراتع از عمده‌ترین منابع ذخیرۀ کربن اتمسفری ‌به ‌حساب می‌آیند که می‌توانند تغییرات اقلیمی جهانی را تعدیل کنند. ازآنجاکه تداوم اختلالاتی مانند چرای بی‌رویه، فرسایش آبی، تغییر کاربری، کاهش پوشش گیاهی و تخریب خاک سطحی، هدررفت ذخایر کربن آلی را از مراتع تسریع می‌کنند، پایش هدررفت کربن آلی مراتع یکی از مؤلفه‌های مهم در مدیریت جامع حوزه‌های آبخیز به‌ شمار می‌آید.
هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف برآورد میزان هدررفت کربن آلی خاک با استفاده از مدل SWAT در حوضۀ یلفان استان همدان صورت گرفته است.
روش تحقیق: بدین منظور نمونه‌های آب و رسوب معلق به روش انتگراسیون عمقی از رودخانۀ یلفان طی فروردین 1393 تا فروردین 1394 جمع‌آوری و برای آنالیز کربن آلی ذره‌ای به آزمایشگاه منتقل شدند. طبق اندازه‌گیری مستقیم به‌طور متوسط 35/26 تن در مادۀ کربن آلی طی دورۀ مطالعاتی 139۳-139۴ از حوضه خارج شده است.
یافته‌ها: درحالی‌که نتایج تغییرات معنی‌داری در هدررفت کربن آلی ذره‌ای در طول 11 ماه نمونه‌برداری نشان نداد (p>0/05)، اما آنالیزهای رگرسیون خطی یک مدل تجربی قوی برای پیش‌بینی هدررفت کربن آلی ذره‌ای بر پایۀ نمونه‌های رسوب فراهم کرد (0/97=R2). علاوه‌بر مدل تجربی، مدل SWAT برای تخمین رسوب حمل‌شده، واسنجی و اعتبارسنجی شد. شبیه‌سازی هدررفت کربن آلی بر پایۀ مدل SWAT و مدل تجربی برای دورۀ 13ساله (2014-2002) موفقیت‌آمیز بود. میزان کل هدررفت کربن آلی شبیه‌سازی‌شده 3227/11 میلی‌گرم در لیتر بود که از مقدار مشاهده‌ای آن کمتر پیش‌بینی شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: درمجموع براساس شاخص‌های آماری و نموداری به‌کاررفته می‌توان گفت مدل شبیه‌سازی قابل قبولی را از خود نشان داده است. به‌طورکلی، با توجه به داده‌های در دسترس، کربن آلی هدررفتی به‌طور تقریبی 22/8 درصد از میزان رسوب حمل‌شده است

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 01 دی 1403
  • تاریخ دریافت: 02 مهر 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 آبان 1403
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  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 دی 1403