تأثیر سطح تاج‌پوشش الدروک و پرند در تولید جریان ساقه‌ای در مناطق خشک

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد بیابان‌زدایی، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان

2 استادیار، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان

3 مربی، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان

4 استادیار، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه همدان

چکیده

جریان ساقه‌ای بخشی از بارش است که از شاخه‌ها و ساقه‌ها جریان می‌یابد و وارد خاک می‌شود. در این مطالعه، ویژگی‌های جریان ساقه‌ای دو گونة بوته‌ای الدروک و درختچه‌ای پرند در بوته‌زارهای شمال‌غرب اصفهان بررسی شد. در طی فصول بارش در سال‌های 1392 و 1393 تولید جریان‌ ساقه‌ای و بعد از آن تأثیر سطح تاج‌پوشش در تولید این جریان بررسی شد. برای بررسی تأثیر سطح تاج‌پوشش در تولید جریان ساقه‌ای از یک شبیه‌ساز باران استفاده شد. بدین ‌جهت از هر کدام از گونه‌ها سه پایه با سطح پوشش مختلف انتخاب شد و پایه‌ها تحت بارش‌های مختلف قرار داده شدند. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار جریان ساقه‌ای در الدروک به‌طور متوسط 4/13 درصد بارش ناخالص است، درحالی‌که در پرند جریان ساقه‌ای به‌طور متوسط 5/18 درصد از بارش ناخالص بود. متوسط مقادیر نسبت انتقال برای الدروک 29، و برای پرند 40 بود که نشان می‌دهد شاخه‌ها و ساقه‌ها به‌طور کامل به تولید جریان ساقه‌ای کمک می‌کنند. مقادیر جریان ساقه‌ای در هر دو گونة گیاهی بین کمترین و بیشترین سطح تاج اختلاف معنی‌داری داشت که نشان‌دهندة تأثیر سطح تاج‌پوشش در تولید جریان ساقه‌ای است. این مطالعه در مقیاس بوته و درختچه اثبات می‌کند که جریان‌ساقه‌ای بین و درون انواع فرم‌های رویشی با سطح تاج‌پوشش مختلف، متفاوت است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Anabasis aphylla & Pteropyrum aucheri Canopy Cover Effect on Generating Stemflow in Arid Regions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeid Yousefi 1
  • Seyed Hamid Matinkhah 2
  • Farzad Rohani 3
  • Mohsen Nael 4
چکیده [English]

Stemflow is a part of precipitation which enters in to the soil through stem and branches. In this paper, we studied the stem flow features of Anabasis aphylla as a bush and Pteropyrum aucheri as a shrub in Northwest of Isfahan. Stemflow production mechanism as well as the effects of canopy cover on this system was investigated during precipitation seasons in 2013 and 2014. A rain simulator was used to achieve this aim. Three individual for each species with different canopy coverage were selected. The results showed 13.4% of gross precipitation as stemflow for A. aphylla. However, it is 18.4 for P. aucheri. Furthermore the mean funneling ratio were calculated 29 and 40 for A. aphylla and P. aucheri, respectively. Totally, results clearly showed the positive role of stems and brunches in producing stemflow for both species. In addition, small and large plant showed significant different amounts of stemflow for both species indicating the effect of crown canopy on stem flow. Concerning bushes and shrubs, this study proves that stemflow changes in a large amount inter and intra various vegetative forms with different canopy cover.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Stemflow
  • Canopy crown
  • Rain simulator
  • Anabasis aphylla
  • Pteropyrum aucheri

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 20 اردیبهشت 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 23 بهمن 1393
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 آبان 1393

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