ارزیابی چند‌معیارۀ تغییرات مکانی شاخص فقر آب در تعدادی از حوضه ‏های آبخیز استان اردبیل

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش ‏آموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

2 استادیار گروه منابع طبیعی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

3 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

4 دانشیار گروه منابع طبیعی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

چکیده

منابع آب وجه مشترک اهداف و چالش‏های توسعۀ پایدار است و کمبود آن یکی از معضلات بزرگ چندبعدی قرن حاضر است که می‏تواند سرمنشأ بسیاری از تحولات مثبت و منفی جهان قرار گیرد. اخیراً لزوم ارائۀ شاخص‏های جامع و چندبعدی برای ارزیابی وضعیت موجود و پیش‏بینی وضعیت آیندۀ منابع آب سطحی اهمیت ویژه‏ای پیدا کرده است. به این منظور، شاخص فقر آب برای ارزیابی دسترسی به منابع آب ارائه شده است. در این پژوهش مقدار شاخص فقر آب با درنظرگرفتن معیارهای منابع، دسترسی، مصارف، محیط زیست و ظرفیت اجتماعی- اقتصادی در مقیاس زیرحوضه در استان اردبیل محاسبه شد. در ادامه، با رویکردهای مختلف وزن‏دهی (وزن یکسان به معیارها و هر بار تأکید بر یکی از معیارها در وزن‏دهی) مقدار شاخص فقر آب ارزیابی شد. سپس، حوضه‏های مختلف بر اساس وزن‏دهی‏های مختلف از نظر شاخص فقر آب اولویت‏بندی شدند. نتایج نشان داد محدودۀ تغییرات مقادیر شاخص فقر آب، در حالت‏های مختلف وزن‏دهی بین 22 تا 65 در حوضه‏های مطالعه‌شده متغیر است. در وزن‏دهی یکسان به معیارهای شاخص فقر آب، حوضۀ شمس‏آباد با مقدار 29 ‌فقر آبی بیشتر و حوضۀ پل‏سلطان با مقدار 58 ‌فقر آبی کمتری در مقایسه با دیگر حوضه‏های مطالعه‌شده در استان دارند. مقدار متوسط شاخص فقر آب برای کل حوضه‏های مطالعه‌شده در استان اردبیل 43 به‌دست آمد که طبق طبقه‏بندی مرکز اکولوژی و هیدرولوژی والینگفورد، فقر آبی شدیدی دار‌د. شاخص فقر آب نشان‏دهندۀ تأثیر ترکیبی عوامل مؤثر بر کمبود و تنش منابع آبی است که امکان اولویت‏بندی و تدوین نسخه‏های مدیریتی برای مناطق مختلف را فراهم می‏‌کند. باید توجه داشت که تعیین و تحلیل شدت کمبود و تنش منابع آب در مناطق مختلف بر اساس شرایط منابع آب منطقۀ بررسی‌شده، قابلیت محاسبۀ شاخص، وجود داده‏ها و نوع معیارهای انتخابی متفاوت خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Multi-criteria evaluation of water poverty index spatial variations in some watersheds of Ardabil Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Roghayeh Asiabi Hir 1
  • Raoof Mostafazadeh 2
  • Majid Raoof 3
  • Abazar Esmali Ouri 4
1 M.Sc in Watershed Management, Dept. of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of MohagheghArdabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Professor (Assistant) Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
3 AssociateProfessor, Dept. of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of MohagheghArdabili, Ardabil, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Dept. of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Water resources scarcity is one of the biggest multidimensional issue of current century that could be the source of many positive and negative aspects of developments.The need for a comprehensive and multi-dimensional indicators to assess the condition and to predict the future status of surface water resources has become increasingly important. To this end, Water Poverty Index(WPI) is proposed to assess the availability of water resources.In this study, the amount of WPI, taking into account the resources, access, cost, environmental and socio-economic capacity criteria were calculated in Ardabil Province subwatersheds. Then, the different weighting approaches (equal weight to all criteria and one-at-a-time emphasizing on different criteria), were used to examine the WPI values and the sub-watersheds of the study area were ranked in terms of water poverty degree. The results showed that the values of water poverty index ranges from 22 to 65, acording to the different weighting approached in the study area.Considering equally weighted Water Poverty Index, the Shamsabad watershed had a higher water poverty index (29), while the Polesoltan watershed had the best condition with respect to water poverty condition compared to other watershed in the Ardabil Province.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water shortage
  • Spatial variations
  • Water Poverty Index
  • Prioritization
  • Multi-criteria weighting
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