ارزیابی کارکرد تغییرپذیری اقلیم و تغییر کاربری اراضی در تغییرات کیفیت آب رودخانۀ هراز (استان مازندران)

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری

2 استاد دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری

3 استادیار دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر‏(عج‏) رفسنجان، رفسنجان

چکیده

شناخت روند پارامترهای کیفی آب و عوامل مؤثر بر تغییرات آن، همانند آنالیز کمی منابع آب، از ملزومات مدیریت پایدار و تأمین سلامت حوضه‏های آبخیز است. با توجه به اهمیت منابع آب سطحی برای مصارف مختلف در حوضۀ آبخیز هراز، ضروری است تا درک صحیحی از کیفیت این منابع و شناخت عوامل تأثیرگذار بر آن صورت گیرد. به این منظور برای ارزیابی کیفیت آب سطحی رودخانۀ هراز، داده‏های 12 متغیر کیفیت آب به همراه پارامترهای هیدرو‌اقلیمی با استفاده از آزمون ناپارامتریک من-کندال (Mann-Kendall) طی دورۀ آماری 1370-1394 آنالیز شدند. برای تعیین آثار احتمالی تغییرات کاربری اراضی، این تغییرات نیز با استفاده از GIS برای سال‏های 1370، 1385 و 1394 ‌ارزیابی شدند. نتایج نشان داد بیشتر سری‏های زمانی کیفیت آب روند افزایشی معنا‏داری طی دوره داشته‏اند که بیان‌کنندۀ کاهش شدید کیفیت آب رودخانۀ هراز است. با توجه به نتایج آزمون من-کندال (آنالیز روند پارامترهای هیدرو‌اقلیمی، تعیین نقطۀ تغییر ناگهانی، آنالیز همبستگی کندال) و همچنین روند تغییرات کاربری اراضی، نتیجه گرفته شد که هر دو عوامل اقلیمی و تغییرات کاربری اراضی می‏توانند در کاهش کیفیت منابع آب تأثیرگذار باشند به‏طوری که افزایش دما و کاهش بارندگی از یک‌طرف می‏تواند به کاهش پارامترهایی نظیر کلسیم، بی‌کربنات و سختی کل (TH) منجر شود و از طرف دیگر، این تغییرات به‌همراه تغییرات کاربری اراضی می‏تواند دلیل اصلی افزایش بیشتر سری‏های زمانی مانند کل مواد محلول (TDS)، هدایت الکتریکی (EC)، سدیم، کلرید، نسبت جذب سدیم (SAR) و غیره باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the contribution of climate variability and land use change in water quality changes of Haraz River (Mazandaran Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdollah Pirnia 1
  • Karim Solaimani 2
  • Mahmoud Habibnejad roshan 2
  • Ali asghar Besalatpour 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate in Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari
2 Professor., Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan
چکیده [English]

To analyze surface water quality in the Haraz River, 12 water quality variables accompanied by hydro-climatologic parameters analyzed by Mann-Kendall Non-parametric test during the period of 1991-2015. To detect probable effects of land use changes, these changes also analyzed by GIS in 1991, 2006 and 2015 years. The results showed that most of time series of water quality have significant increasing trend that represents severe reduction in water quality of Haraz river. According to the results of Mann-Kendall test (trend analysis of hydro-climatic parameters, detection of abrupt change point and Kendall τ correlation test) and also land use changes trend, it was concluded that both climatic and land use change can be effective on reducing the quality of water resources so that temperature increase and precipitation decrease on one hand can be led to decrease of some parameters such as Ca2+, HCO3- and TH, and on the other hand, these changes together with land use changes can be the main reason of increase in most of parameters such as TDS, EC, Na+, Cl-, SAR etc.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Trend Analysis
  • Water quality
  • Climate variability
  • Land Use Change
  • Haraz River Basin
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