ارزیابی اثر تغذیۀ مصنوعی بر تعادل‌بخشی آبخوان با استفاده از شاخص پایداری

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری منابع آب پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

برگشت تراز آب زیرزمینی به تراز مطلوب با استفاده از راهکارهای تعادل‏بخشی از اهداف اصلی سیاست‌گذاران آب کشور است. یکی از راهکارهای طرح یادشده، تغذیۀ مصنوعی است که به‌منظور کمی‌کردن میزان اثربخشی آن، با استفاده از شاخص‏های پایداری در آبخوان ارزیابی شد. برای نخستین‌بار پایداری سیستم آب زیرزمینی، با استفاده از ترکیب سه شاخص اعتمادپذیری، آسیب‏پذیری و مطلوبیت و با درنظرگرفتن اثر سناریوی تغذیۀ مصنوعی ارزیابی شد. به این‌منظور با استفاده از مدل MODFLOW اثر تغذیۀ مصنوعی شوراب سیوجان بر وضعیت آبخوان بیرجند طی یک دورۀ نُه‌ساله شبیه‏سازی و پیش‌بینی وضعیت آبخوان تا افق 1404 در شرایط نرمال اقلیمی در سه سناریوی برداشت آب انجام گرفت. نتایج شبیه‏سازی نشان داد سیستم آبخوان در بخش انتهایی، که چاه مشاهده‏ای خوسف قرار دارد، با توجه به مسیر حرکت تغذیۀ آب زیرزمینی، اختلاف کم بین تراز مطلوب و تراز آب زیرزمینی و ضخامت کم ناحیۀ اشباع، بیشترین پایداری را به‌میزان 55 درصد داشته است. بررسی شاخص‏ها در منطقه تحت تأثیر تغذیۀ مصنوعی در آبخوان نشان می‏دهد اجرای طرح تغذیۀ مصنوعی توانسته بین 21 تا 25 درصد با توجه به سناریوی کاهش، ثابت‌بودن برداشت و افزایش برداشت مقدار شاخص پایداری سیستم را بهبود دهد. شاخص ارائه‌شده در این تحقیق با توجه به قابلیت توزیعی‌بودن و امکان بررسی اثر سناریوهای مختلف، می‏تواند در سایر آبخوان‏ها و در تصمیم‏گیری به کار برده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of artificial recharge on aquifer restoring using sustainability index

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Kardan Moghaddam 1
  • Mohammad Ebrahim Banihabib 2
  • Saman Javadi 3
1 Ph.D. student, Department of water engineering, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department o of water engineering, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of water engineering, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the strategies, is conducting artificial recharge, which is required to be evaluated using sustainability indexes in order to quantify the effects. In this research, a new approach is utilized for evaluation of groundwater system sustainability, combining the indexes, reliability, vulnerability and desirability considering the effect of artificial recharge scenario. First, the effect of Shurab Sivjan artificial recharge project on Birjand aquifer is simulated for a nine-year period, projected to 1404 Hijri (2025 Gregorian) with normal climatic condition, using MODFLOW model. Simulation results show that aquifer system sustainability is higher in the downstream parts, where the Khusf observation well is located, justifying by the groundwater recharge flow direction, low difference between optimum and measured groundwater level, and thin saturated thickness with 55 percent. Evaluation of indexes over the aquifer shows that the artificial recharge project could enhance the system sustainability between 21 to 25 percent according to reduce, constant and increment discharge scenarios. The proposed index in this research can be utilized for the other aquifers as well as in decision-making, because of its ability to define in distributed manner and possibility of evaluating the effects of different scenarios.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • sustainability index
  • reliability
  • vulnerability
  • desirability
  • Artificial recharge
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