مقایسۀ سه روش مختلف برآورد تلفات بارش در مدل HEC-HMS در شبیه‌سازی رواناب‌ (مطالعۀ موردی: حوضۀ قره‌سو در کرمانشاه)

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش ‏آموختۀ کارشناسی‏ ارشد مهندسی منابع آب، دانشگاه شهید باهنر، کرمان، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ‏ارشد سازه‏ های آبی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

مدل‏سازی بارش- رواناب یکی از راه‏حل‏های کلیدی در هیدرولوژی برای دست‏یابی به خصوصیات سیلاب، مانند میزان دبی اوج و زمان رسیدن به اوج به‏شمار می‏رود. یکی از مشکلات اساسی در اجرای HEC-HMS در ایران و سایر کشورهای جهان، که اساساً مدل در آن توسعه داده نشده، انتخاب مناسب‏ترین روش برای تخمین مقدار نفوذ است. در این پژوهش، عملکرد مدل HEC-HMS با استفاده از سه روش مختلف تخمین شامل نفوذ شمارۀ منحنی (CN)، گرین- آمپت و اولیه- ثابت در پیش‏بینی حجم رواناب، جریان اوج و زمان رسیدن به اوج سیلاب ارزیابی شد، و آب‏نمود رخدادهای بارش- رواناب در حوضۀ قره‏سو واقع در استان کرمانشاه شبیه‏سازی شد. هشت رخداد بارش- رواناب، توسط مدل HEC-HMS شبیه‏سازی شد و با رخدادهای نظیر مشاهداتی مقایسه شد. نتایج نشان داد روش شمارۀ منحنی در پیش‏بینی حجم رواناب (پس از واسنجی) دقت قابل قبولی (84/0=R2، 81/0=E و 06/0=CRM) دارد. با این‏حال، روش اولیه- ثابت، میزان دبی اوج را با دقت زیادی (96/0=R2، 95/0=E و 01/0=CRM) برآورد کرد. همچنین، شکل آب‏نمودهای واسنجی‌شده، بسیار شبیه به آب‏نمودهای مشاهداتی در روش‏های شمارۀ منحنی و اولیه- ثابت بود. با این‏حال، به‌کارگیری روش گرین- آمپت اعتمادپذیری کمی را در برآورد حجم رواناب کل و دبی اوج از خود نشان می‏دهد. دقت مدل در برآورد زمان اوج سیلاب‏های مدل‏سازی‌شده، با مقایسۀ مقادیر مشاهداتی و شبیه‏سازی‌شده توسط روش‏های منتخب ارزیابی شد که نتایج ارزیابی زمان اوج سیلاب، بیشترین اطمینان‏پذیری را در روش شمارۀ منحنی (36/6 درصد) نشان می‏دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the Three Different Abstraction Estimation Methods of Rainfall in HEC-HMS Model in Runoff Simulation (Case study: Kermanshah Gharasoo watershed)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Milad Moradi 1
  • Yaghoub Dinpazhouh 2
  • Somayeh Azizi 3
1 M. Sc. Graduate of Water Resources Engineering, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran
2 Department of Water Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
3 M. Sc. Hydraulic Structures, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz
چکیده [English]

Rainfall-runoff modeling is one of the key items that considered in hydrology to achieve flood characteristics. In this study, HEC-HMS model performance was evaluated using the SCS-CN, Green-Ampt and Initial and Constant infiltration methods in predicting runoff volume, peak flow and time to peak, in simulation of rainfall- runoff hydrograph at Gharasoo watershed, located in Kermanshah province. Eight rainfall–runoff events were simulated by HEC-HMS model and compared with the corresponding observations events. Results shown a well accuracy in predicting runoff volume (R2=0.84, E=0.81 and CRM=0.06) was achieved using the SCS-CN method (after calibration). However, Peak flow was better estimated using the Initial and Constant method (R2=0.96, E=0.95 and CRM=0.01). Furthermore, shape of the calibrated hydrographs were very similar to the observations hydrographs for both SCS-CN and Initial and Constant methods. However, adopting the Green-Ampt method, showed low reliability in total runoff volume and peak flow estimating. Model accuracy in estimates of modeled the time to floods peak, were evaluated by comparing observed and simulated values through the selected approaches, so that the results of time to floods peak showed the highest reliability in SCS-CN method (6.36%).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Green-Ampt
  • HEC-HMS
  • Initial & Constant losses
  • Peak flow
  • SCS-CN

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اکوهیدرولوژی
دوره 5، شماره 2
تیر 1397
صفحه 433-447

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 01 خرداد 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 09 بهمن 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 12 بهمن 1396

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