بررسی فنی، اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی توسعۀ سیستم‏های آبیاری خورشیدی در بخش کشاورزی استان فارس

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه انرژی‏های نو و محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ علوم و فنون نوین، دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشیار گروه انرژی‏های نو و محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ علوم و فنون نوین، دانشگاه تهران

3 استادیار گروه انرژی‏های نو و محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ علوم و فنون نوین، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

استان فارس با رتبۀ نخست مصرف آب و تولیدات کشاورزی در کشور، بیشترین میزان تولید آلاینده در بخش کشاورزی به واسطۀ پمپاژ آب را دارد. بنابراین، در قالب شش سناریو راه‌کار استفاده از پمپ‏های خورشیدی و یا جایگزینی پمپ‏های دیزل با پمپ‏های الکتریکی متصل به شبکه، میزان تغییرات تولید دی‌اکسید کربن بررسی شد. در سناریوی نخست، روند فعلی؛ در سناریوی دوم، پوشش 50 درصد پمپ‏های دیزلی با برق شبکه و در سناریوی سوم، حالت 25 درصد برق شبکه و 25 درصد استفاده از پنل‏ها بررسی شد. با بررسی قیمت حامل‏های انرژی در ایران و مقایسۀ آن با ترکیه، سه سناریوی دوم بررسی شد. در سنایوی نخست و چهارم، میزان مصرف انرژی پمپاژ آب طی سال در استان فارس، 5/13 تراوات ساعت و در چهار سناریوی دیگر، 5/10 تراوات ساعت است. میزان آلایندگی در سناریوی نخست تا سوم به‌ترتیب، 4455، 4098 و 3712 تن دی‌اکسید کربن بوده است. در سناریوی چهارم تا ششم همین ترتیب تکرار شده است. مقایسۀ پمپ‏های الکتریکی متصل به شبکه با پمپ‏های دیزل به دلیل بازدهی بیشتر، کاهش آلایندگی به میزان 8 درصد و هزینۀ اقتصادی به میزان 7/26 درصد را به دنبال دارد. استفاده از برق خورشیدی به رغم آلایندگی کمتر به میزان 6/16 درصد، هزینۀ بیشتری را به میزان 4/74 درصد به دنبال دارد. توجیه اقتصادی استفاده از برق شبکه در قیاس با استفاده از سوخت دیزل شدت بیشتری یافت، اما از نظر اقتصادی برق خورشیدی اختلاف کمتری را با استفاده از برق شبکه نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Technical, economic and environmental review of development of solar irrigation systems in agriculture sector of Fars province, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamed Janalizadeh 1
  • Hossein Yousefi 2
  • Younes Noorollahi 2
  • Mohammad Hossein Jahangir 3
1 university of Tehran
2 مدیر گروه علوم و فناوریهای محیطی، دانشکده علوم و فنون نوین دانشگاه تهران
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

The phenomenon of climate change as a threat to sustainable management has had the greatest impact on the increase in carbon dioxide production. Iran is considering the ninth place of carbon dioxide production in order to reduce emissions. Fars Province, with the first rank of water consumption and agricultural production in the country, has the highest production of carbon dioxide in agriculture through water pumping. The six scenarios in solution using solar pumps or replacing diesel pumps with electric pumps connected to the network, the changes in carbon dioxide were studied. In order to determine the amount of contamination, the results of relevant research were used based on the life cycle assessment method. Comparison of electric pumps connected to the network with diesel pumps results in a reduction of emissions of 8% and an increasing the cost of up to 26.7% due to higher efficiency. The use of solar power, despite less pollution by 16.6%, leads to a higher cost of 74.4%. By reviewing the price of energy carriers in Iran and comparing it with the countries of the region, including Turkey, the second three scenarios were examined. Therefore, the economic justification for using grid electricity was more intense than using diesel fuel, but it showed a smaller difference in electric power consumption by using grid electricity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Solar irrigation
  • Fars province
  • Agricultural wells
  • Economics
  • GHG Emissions
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