پیش بینی نوسانات سطح آب زیر زمینی با استفاده از مدل‌های سری زمانی و GMS (مطالعۀ موردی: دشت رفسنجان)

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم و مهندسی آبخیز، گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس

3 استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه جیرفت، جیرفت

4 استادیار گروه مهندسی طبیعت، دانشکدۀ مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه جیرفت، جیرفت

چکیده

آگاهی از تغییرات بارش به عنوان یک مؤلفۀ هیدرولوژیکی در منابع آب، مهم و ضروری است تا با ارائۀ راه‏کارها و روش‏های مدیریتی مناسب، به بهره‏برداری مناسب از آب‏های زیرزمینی در مناطق خشک و نیمه‏خشک با توجه به کمبود بارش در این مناطق پرداخت. با توجه به اهمیت موضوع، در پژوهش حاضر پیش‏بینی نوسانات سطح آب زیرزمینی تحت تأثیر مدل‏های سری زمانی در دشت رفسنجان صورت گرفت. بارش آینده با استفاده از مدل ARIMA در نرم‏افزار EViews9 برای دورۀ 1396ـ 1402 پیش‏بینی شد. سپس، افت آب زیرزمینی نیز با استفاده از مدل آب زیرزمینی GMS در دورۀ پایه (1382ـ 1395) و نتایج حاصل از مدل ARIMA برای دورۀ آتی شبیه‏سازی شد. نتایج شبیه‌سازی افت آب زیرزمینی نیز نشان داد در تمامی منطقه افت سطح آب زیرزمینی در دورۀ آتی نسبت به دورۀ پایه رخ داده و بیشترین میزان افت آب زیرزمینی در بخش‏های جنوب غرب دشت صورت گرفته است و سالیانه حدود 130 میلیون مترمکعب اضافه‌برداشت از منابع آب زیرزمینی صورت می‏گیرد. در حالت کلی، آب زیرزمینی در ابتدای دوره بیشترین مقدار (سطح بالا) و در اواخر دورۀ آماری، کمترین مقدار (پایین‌ترین سطح) را داشته است. پس از مدل‏سازی سطح آب زیرزمینی برای دورۀ پایه، پیش‏بینی بارندگی حاصل از مدل ARIMA با فرض ثابت بودن میزان بهره‏برداری از آبخوان، بر مدل آب زیرزمینی اعمال شد. نتایج نشان داد کسری حجم آبخوان به میزان 09/1021 میلیون‌مترمکعب در سال پایانی مدل‏سازی (سال 1402) صورت گرفته است. همچنین، تغییرات سطح آبخوان دشت رفسنجان از سال 1382 تا سال 1402 بیان‌کنندۀ آن بود که با توجه به برآورد بارش حاصل از مدل ARIMA می‌توان گفت که سالانه به طور متوسط یک متر افت آبخوان در این دشت رخ خواهد داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Forecasting of Groundwater Fluctuations Using Time Series and GMS Models (Case Study: Rafsanjan Plain)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammadali Jamalizadeh 1
  • Omolbanin Bazrafshan 2
  • Rasoul Mahdavi Najafabadi 2
  • Ali Azareh 3
  • Ellham Rafiee Sardoei 4
1 Ph.D Student, Department of Natural Resources Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Natural Resources Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Natraul Resources, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran
چکیده [English]

Awareness of precipitation changes as an important hydrological component in water resources is essential to provide appropriate management and management approaches for proper utilization of groundwater in arid and semi-arid regions, caused by the lack of rainfall in these areas. Regarding the importance of the subject, in this study, the prediction of fluctuations in groundwater level was influenced by stochastic models in the Rafsanjan plain. Future precipitation was projected using the ARIMA model in EViews9 software for 2017-2023, then groundwater drainage was simulated using the groundwater model system (GMS) during the base period (2003-2016) and results from the ARIMA model for the upcoming period. The results of groundwater drainage simulation showed that in the whole region, groundwater abatement occurred in the upcoming period relative to the base period, and the most groundwater losses occurred in the southwest of the plain, and an annual increase of approximately 130 million cubic meters Groundwater resources are made. In general, groundwater has the highest level (upper level) at the beginning of the period and the lowest level (lowest level) at the end of the statistical period. After modeling the groundwater level for the base period, rainfall prediction from the ARIMA model was applied to the groundwater model with the assumption that the aquifer was operationally constant. The results showed that the aquifer volume deficit was 1021.09 million cubic meters in the final model year (2023). Also, the changes in the level of the aquifer in the Rafsanjan Plain from 2003 to 2023 indicate that, given the estimated rainfall from the ARIMA model, it can be admitted that an average of 1 meter annual waterfall will occur in this plain.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rafsanjan Plain
  • Groundwater
  • ARIMA Model
  • GMS Model
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