شناسایی محل اسکان اضطراری در زمان وقوع سیلاب با استفاده از GIS ‌(مطالعۀ موردی: استان چهارمحال و بختیاری)

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد، گروه سنجش از دور و GIS، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران‌

2 استادیار گروه سنجش از دور و GIS، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

بحران‌های طبیعی قابل پیشگیری نیستند، اما می‌توان با تکیه بر فنون مهندسی و نوآوری‌های علمی، میزان خسار‌ت‌های به‌وجودآمده در بخش مالی و جانی آن را به‌شدت کاهش داد. بخش‏های زیادی از ایران از جمله مناطق حادثه‌خیز در جهان محسوب می‌شود که نیازمند توجه خاص قبل از وقوع بحران است. استان چهارمحال و بختیاری با توجه به موقعیت جغرافیایی و شرایط اقلیمی خاص آن از جملۀ این مناطق است که مکان‌یابی اسکان اضطراری وقوع سیلاب در این استان را بااهمیت می‏کند. در تحقیق حاضر از روش مبتنی بر تدوین پرسشنامۀ محقق‌ساخته و بررسی اسناد کتابخانه‏ای و مدل‌های آماری استفاده شده است. بنابراین، با استفاده از روش فرایند تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی (AHP) مکان‏های ایمن هنگام وقوع سیلاب و آماده‏سازی معیارها و زیرمعیارهای موجود شناسایی شد. سپس، با استفاده از اطلاعات آماری فازی- سلسله‌مراتبی (FAHP) مقادیر ارزش هر یک از معیارها و زیرمعیارها مشخص شده و وزن نهایی محاسبه شده و نقشه‏های مربوطه در محیط GIS برای نمایش هرچه بهتر تهیه و تدوین شد. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان داد شهرکرد کمترین میزان خطرپذیری را در بین شهرستان‏های استان در اختیار دارد و به‌ترتیب، شمال و شمال شرق بروجن، اردل و قسمت‌های مرکزی و جنوب کوهرنگ و قسمت‏های شمالی لردگان ایمنی بیشتری نسبت به قسمت‏های شمالی شهرستان دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Locating Suitable Sites for Relief Camps during Severe Floods Using GIS (Case Study: Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abolfazl Zolfaghari 1
  • Zahra Azizi 2
  • Hossein Aghamohammadi 2
1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Natural crises are unavoidable, but the damage to the financial and human sectors can be greatly reduced by relying on engineering techniques and scientific innovations. Many parts of Iran are among the accident-prone areas in the world that need special attention before crises. Chaharmahal Bakhtiari province is one of these areas due to its geographical location and special climatic conditions, which makes the location of emergency accommodation for floods in this province important. In the present study, a method based on compiling a researcher-made questionnaire and reviewing library documents and statistical models has been used. Therefore, using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, safe places during floods are identified and the existing criteria and sub-criteria are prepared. Then using the fuzzy-hierarchical statistical information (FAHP), the values ​​of each criterion and sub-criteria and the final weight were calculated, and the relevant drawings were prepared and compiled in the GIS environment to display them as best as possible. The results showed that Shahrekord has the lowest level of risk among the cities of the province and the north and northeast of Borujen, Ardal and the central and southern parts of Koohrang and the northern parts of Lordegan have more safety than the northern parts of the city, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • GIS
  • AHP
  • Crisis Management
  • Emergency Housing
  • Flood
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