تحلیل روند مصرف انرژی و تکنولوژی‌های استحصال آب کشور و بررسی جایگزینی برق خورشیدی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی سیستم‌های انرژی، گروه انرژی‏های نو و تجدید‌پذیر، دانشکدۀ علوم و فنون، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه انرژی‏های نو و تجدید‌پذیر، دانشکدۀ علوم و فنون، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

کشور ایران سالیان زیادی است که از مشکل کم‏آبی و باران‏های ناکافی رنج می‏برد. با توجه به این موضوع، ایرانیان برای دستیابی به آب مناسب برای کشاورزی، به احداث چاه‏های کشاورزی روی آورده‌اند. با پیشرفت تکنولوژی و پیدایش برق و موتور‏های برقی، استفاده و حفر چاه‏های کشاورزی شکل تازه‌ای به خود گرفته است. امروزه در سراسر ایران مشاهده می‏شود که با استفاده از تکنولوژی‏های مختلف، چاه‏هایی با عمق‏های عمیق و نیمه‌عمیق فراوانی در سراسر کشور حفر شده که در کنار مزایای آن، برای کشاورزان مشکلات زیادی نیز از منظر اثرات زیست‌محیطی بر سفره‌های آب زیرزمینی به بار می‏آورند. در سال 1396 مصرف برق در این حوزه چیزی حدود 37285 گیگاوات ساعت و 15 درصد از برق کل کشور است که مقدار زیادی را نشان می‏دهد. نکتۀ مهم دیگر‌، اینکه این مقدار در سال‏های اخیر رشد زیادی داشته، به صورتی‏ که این عدد از 11079 گیگاوات ساعت یا 8/10 درصد در سال 1380 ‌به 37285 در سال 1396 رسیده است. با توجه به این موضوع، در پژوهش حاضر به چگونگی وضعیت چاه‏های کشاورزی ایران و پیشنهادهایی برای کاهش این میزان انرژی مصرفی پرداخته شده است. در این راستا، روش‏های کاهش مصرف سیستم‏های آبیاری کشاورزی، بهبود عملکرد و یا استفاده از پمپ دیزلی و یا برق خورشیدی به کمک نرم‌افزار PVsyst بررسی می‏شود. این تحلیل بر اساس 5 حوضۀ اصلی آبخیز کشور صورت می‏گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of energy consumption trends and water extraction technologies from the main watersheds of Iran and review of solutions for the use of renewable energy technologies

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amirali Mahjoob 1
  • Younes Noorollahi 2
1 Unit 9, No. 10, Yas Alley, Mehrbakhsh Alley . Salimi street- Andarzgoo Blvd.- Tehran
2 دانشگاه تهران
چکیده [English]

Iran has long suffered from water shortages and insufficient rainfall. Due to this, the Iranians started to build agricultural wells to obtain suitable water for agriculture. With the advancement of technology and the advent of electricity and electric motors, the use and drilling of agricultural wells took on a new form. Today, it is observed throughout Iran that using various technologies, wells with many deep and semi-deep depths have been drilled throughout the country, which, in addition to its benefits for farmers, also poses many problems in terms of effects. They create an environment on groundwater aquifers. In 2017, electricity consumption in this area was about 37,285 GWh, which is 15% of the total electricity in the country, which shows a high figure. Another important point is that this figure has grown so much in recent years that it has risen from 11079 GWh or 10.8% in 2001. Given this, in this study, we intend to address the trend of agricultural wells in Iran and suggestions to reduce this amount of energy consumption. In this regard, methods to reduce the consumption of agricultural irrigation systems, improve performance, or use a diesel pump or solar power are examined. This analysis is based on the 5 main watersheds of the country.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • agriculture well
  • electricity consumption
  • Diesel pump
  • photovoltaic electricity
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