ارزیابی تغییرات کیفیت منابع آب زیرزمینی دشت مرند با استفاده از روش ترکیب غیرنظارت شده (شاخص GWQI و (GQI

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری هیدروژئولوژی دانشکدۀ علوم طبیعی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 استاد گروه علوم زمین دانشکدۀ علوم طبیعی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 استاد پردیس علوم / دانشکدۀ زمین‌شناسی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

آبخوان دشت مرند یکی از دشت‏های بزرگ و با فعالیت‌های وسیع کشاورزی و صنعتی است که در سال‌های اخیر در زمرۀ آبخوان‌های بحرانی و ممنوعه قرار گرفته است. یکی از مشکلات کاهش سطح آب زیرزمینی، تغییرات کیفی آب‌های زیرزمینی است که روی چگونگی مصارف و مدیریت آنها تأثیر دارد. بنابراین، در این تحقیق با استفاده از 46 نمونۀ آبی از چاه، قنات و چشمه‏ها در خردادماه 1393 و 1398 و آنالیز پارامترهای یون‌های اصلی، فرعی و کمیاب، شاخص‏های کیفیت آب زیرزمینی GQI و GWQI محاسبه شد. نقشه‏های خروجی این دو شاخص نشان از تفاوت در تعیین رده‏های کیفیت آب شرب منطقه است، انتخاب یکی از این دو شاخص برای تعیین قابلیت شرب منابع آبی منطقه ممکن نبود. بنابراین، در این پژوهش با توجه به تفاوت موجود در خروجی‏های دو شاخص استفاده‌شده، برای دستیابی به یک نقشۀ واحد روش ترکیب غیرنظارت‏شده معرفی و استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش گویای این است که روش غیرنظارت‌شده ((Unsupervised method با داشتن CI بالاتر نسبت به دو شاخص یادشده، روش ایده‏آل‏تری برای ارزیابی کیفیت منابع آبی منطقه و تعیین صحیح‏تر رده‏های قابلیت شرب است. نتایج نشان داد دشت مرند در کلاس‌های متوسط و قابل قبول از نظر شاخص GWQI و GQI قرار دارد. بیشترین و کمترین مقدار شاخص GWQI و GQI به‌ترتیب در جنوب و شمال غربی دشت مشاهده شد. مقایسۀ نقشه‏های شاخص کیفیت آب شرب در سال‏های 1393 و 1398 نشان‏دهندۀ کاهش کیفیت آب طی 5 سال اخیر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating Quality Variation of Groundwater Resources in Marand Plain Using Unsupervised Combination Approach (GQI and GWQI Index)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Najib 1
  • Asghar Asghari Moghaddam 2
  • Ata Allah Nadiri 2
  • Elham Fijani 3
1 University of Tabriz
2 Earth Sciences Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz
3 University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

Marand aquifer is one of the large plains with extensive agricultural and industrial activities and it is categorized in critical aquifer class. One of the problems of groundwater decline is groundwater quality changes that affect how they are used and managed. Therefore, in this study, using 46 water samples from wells, qanats and springs in June 2014 and June 2017 and analyzing the parameters of main, secondary and rare ions to calculate the GQI and GWQI groundwater quality indices. According to the output maps of these two indicators, which show the difference in determining the quality of drinking water in the region, it was not possible to choose one of these two indicators to determine the drinking water capacity of the region. The two indicators used, in order to achieve a single map, the method of unsupervised combination was introduced and used. The results indicate that a higher CI than the results of the two indicators. The results showed that Marand plain is in the middle and acceptable classes in terms of GWQI and GQI index. The highest and lowest GWQI and GQI indices were observed in the south and northwest of the plain, respectively. Comparison of drinking water quality index maps of the study area in 2014 and 2017 shows that in 2017 the area of plain, indicates a decrease in water quality over the last 5 years.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Groundwater Quality
  • Drinking Water
  • GQI Index
  • GWQI Index
  • Unsupervised Combination and Marand Plain
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