مدل‌سازی اثر سناریوی مدیریتی روی آبخوان کاشان با مدل ریاضی Modflow و Seawat

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد اکوهیدرولوژی دانشکدۀ علوم و فنون نوین دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشیاردانشکدۀ علوم و فنون نوین دانشگاه تهران

3 استادیاردانشکدۀ علوم و فنون نوین دانشگاه تهران

10.22059/ije.2023.358892.1727

چکیده

در ایران آب‏های زیرزمینی عنصر اصلی توسعۀ پایدار هستند. با توجه به افزایش جمعیت، بهره‏برداری بیش از حد، کاهش بارندگی و الگوی کشت نامناسب، آب‏های زیرزمینی با افت زیادی مواجه شده‌اند. یکی از مواردی که به تصمیم‏گیری و در نتیجه، مدیریت بهینۀ منابع آب کمک می‏کند، مدل‌سازی کمی و کیفی آب‏های زیرزمینی است. بنابراین در پژوهش حاضر با توجه به شرایط هیدرولوژیکی و هیدروژئولوژیکی آبخوان کاشان، مدل کمی و کیفی آب زیرزمینی (1388ـ 1396) در شرایط پایدار و ناپایدار با استفاده از مدل Modflow ‌و Seawat در محیط نرم‌افزار GMS تهیه شده است. بررسی صحت مدل، از طریق آزمون‏های آماری نشان می‏دهد این دو مدل بهترین نتایج را در مدل‌سازی ارائه داده‏اند که پس از حصول اطمینان از مدل‏ها، روند کنونی آبخوان به بررسی وضعیت تراز آب زیرزمینی و کیفیت آبخوان در دوره (1396ـ 1403) تحت فرض سناریوهای مدیریتی پرداخته شده است. نتایج حاصل از اعمال سناریوی روند کنونی نشان داد در دورۀ مورد مطالعه حجم آبخوان به میزان 556/1 میلیون متر مکعب کاهش و غلظت TDS به میزان متوسط 33/160 میلی‏گرم در لیتر افزایش خواهد داشت. سناریوی خاموشی چاه‏ها به مدت یک ماه نشان داد طی یک ماه حجم آبخوان به میزان 0147/0 میلیون متر مکعب افزایش و غلظت نمک به میزان متوسط 27/42 میلی‏گرم در لیتر کاهش خواهد داشت. نتایج نشان‌دهندۀ توانایی زیاد مدل برای شناخت الگوی پیچیدۀ حاکم بر آبخوان است و تطبیق خوبی بین نتایج مشاهداتی و محاسباتی ایجاد شده است. گسترش آب شور در بخش شمال شرق باعث افت کمی وکیفی در این بخش از آبخوان شده است. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، اجرای چندین سناریوی مدیریتی و علمی به طور هم‌زمان برای جلوگیری از وخیم‏تر شدن اوضاع کمی و کیفی منابع آب زیرزمینی این توصیه می‏شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Modeling the Impact Of Manangement Scenario On the Kashan Aquifer Using Mathematical Model of Modflow and Seawat

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elyas Reyhani 1
  • Hossein Yousefi 2
  • Mohammad Mirzavand 3
  • Seyed Javad Sadatinejad 2
1 Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Groundwater is the main component of sustainable development in Iran. Due to population growth, over-exploitation, reduced precipitation, and inappropriate cultivation practices, water storage has significantly declined. Therefore, it is imperative to model groundwater and predict the future state of the aquifer for effective management. In this study, we have modeled the qualitative and quantitative changes of the Kashan aquifer. Based on the hydrological and hydrogeological conditions of the Kashan plain aquifer, we developed a groundwater quantity and quality model (2009-2015) under stable and unstable conditions using the MODFLOW and SEAWAT models in the GMS software. The models were validated through statistical evaluation, demonstrating their accuracy in modeling. Once the models were validated, we assessed the status and quality of the aquifer for the next period (2016-2023) by considering various practical scenarios. Applying the current trend scenarios revealed a projected decrease in aquifer volume to 1.556 Mm3 and an average increase in salt density of quality wells to 160.33 ppm in the next period. Conversely, when simulating the scenario of shutting off wells for a month, the aquifer volume was projected to increase to 0.0147 Mm3, and the salt density of quality wells would decrease to an average of 42.27 ppm during that one-month period. These results highlight the model's capability to accurately recognize and predict observed and calculated outcomes. The expansion of saline water in the northeastern part of the aquifer has resulted in a decline in both quantity and quality in that region. Finally, implementing multiple management and scientific scenarios concurrently is crucial to prevent further deterioration of the quantitative and qualitative status of water resources in this region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Simulation
  • Saltwater Intrusion
  • GMS
  • Kashan Plain
  • Groundwater
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