ارزیابی مخاطرۀ سیل با کاربرد GIS و RS در جنوب استان کرمان (مطالعۀ موردی: حوضۀ آبریز هامون- جازموریان)

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد سنجش از دور زمین‌شناختی، گروه اکولوژی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان

2 استادیار گروه اکولوژی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان

3 دانشیار گروه اکولوژی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان

چکیده

تهیۀ نقشۀ خطر سیل‏، نخستین گام در برنامه‌های مدیریت سیلاب است. در پژوهش حاضر به منظور ارزیابی مخاطرۀ سیلاب در حوضۀ آبریز هامون- جازموریان از 13 لایه تأثیرگذار در بحران سیل شامل ارتفاع، شیب، جهت شیب، انحنای توپوگرافی، تراکم زهکشی، فاصله از آبراهه، زمین‏شناسی، پوشش گیاهی، کاربری اراضی، بارندگی، شاخص رطوبت توپوگرافی، شاخص قدرت جریان و نوع خاک استفاده شد. برای اولویت‏بندی و تعیین وزن‏ها، روش فرایند تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی (AHP) به صورت ماتریس مقایسات زوجی به کار گرفته شد. سپس هر لایه توسط مدل منطق فازی، بین 0 تا 1 فازی‏سازی شده و وزن‏های به‌دست‌آمده از روش AHP در آن‏ها ضرب شدند. در نهایت بر اساس روش ترکیب خطی‌ـ وزنی با تلفیق 13 لایۀ اطلاعاتی، نقشۀ پهنه‏بندی سیل‏گیری به ‏دست آمد. برای اعتبارسنجی نتایج و به عنوان یک واقعیت زمینی، روی هر یک از تصاویر ماهواره‏ای قبل و بعد از سیل به ‏طور جداگانه شاخص آب AWEI اعمال شده و با استفاده از روش تکنیک تعیین تغییرات، مناطق تحت تأثیر سیل مشخص شدند. این مناطق شامل اطراف پهنۀ هامون‌ـ جازموریان و مناطق نزدیک به آبراهه‏های اصلی هستند. نتایج حاصل از صحت‏سنجی نقشۀ مناطق سیل‌گیر نشان داد روش صحت‌سنجی گاما در سال‌های 1371 و 1395 به‌ترتیب با 96/97 ‌و 18/98 درصد بیشترین مطابقت را با نتایج تصاویر ماهواره‏ای دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

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اکوهیدرولوژی
دوره 10، شماره 1
فروردین 1402
صفحه 33-47

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 دی 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 بهمن 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 12 اسفند 1401
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 10 مرداد 1402
  • تاریخ انتشار: 10 مرداد 1402

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