شبیه‏سازی فرایند و ارزیابی زمانی‌ـ مکانی توزیع آب سطحی به واحدهای کشاورزی در دشت آبشار اصفهان

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکدۀ فناوری کشاورزی (ابوریحان)، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی و مدیریت آب، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، ایران

10.22059/ije.2024.368053.1771

چکیده

در این تحقیق ارزیابی عملکرد سامانۀ بهره‏برداری توزیع آب سطحی در شبکۀ آبیاری آبشار اصفهان مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است. برای این منظور، دو کانال اصلی راست و چپ و ده کانال درجۀ 2 این شبکه در قالب یک شبکۀ کانال‏های آبیاری به‌هم‏پیوسته در مدل شبیه‏ساز انتگرالی‌ـ تأخیری در محیط MATLAB توسعه داده شد. شبیه‏سازی فرایند توزیع آب سطحی بین آبگیرهای واقع در کانال‏های اصلی و فرعی برای یک فصل آبیاری؛ منطبق بر اطلاعات سال آبی 1400‌ـ 1401 و به تفکیک پنج سناریوی غالب بهره‏برداری، صورت گرفت. فرایند ارزیابی عملکرد توزیع آب سطحی شامل به‌کارگیری شاخص‏ ارزیابی عملکرد کفایت توزیع آب به تفکیک هر آبگیر، منطقه و کل کانال است. همچنین داده‏های شبیه‏سازی‌شده به منظور تحلیل مکانی توزیع آب سطحی در کل شبکه، وارد نرم‌افزار GIS شد و نقشه‏های پراکندگی میانگین شاخص کفایت برای هر سناریوی بهره‏برداری استخراج و تحلیل شد. نتایج شبیه‏سازی بیانگر روند غالباً کاهشی کفایت تحویل آب از آبگیرهای بالادست تا پایین‏دست در کانال‏های اصلی و فرعی بود، به ‏نحوی که میانگین شاخص کفایت توزیع آب سطحی به‌ترتیب از سناریوی اول، پرآبی، تا سناریوی پنجم، کم‌آبی شدید، در دامنۀ تغییرات 98‌ـ 100‌؛ 90‌ـ 100؛ 84ـ 97؛ 81ـ 96؛ 69ـ 93 درصد در آبگیرهای بالادست و 80‌ـ 85؛ 65‌ـ 70؛ 41‌ـ 45؛ 30‌ـ 34 و 20‌ـ 28 درصد در آبگیرهای پایین‌دست قرار گرفته است. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده ضعف سامانۀ بهره‏برداری موجود را در توزیع کافی آب آبیاری در طول کانال‏های اصلی و فرعی به‌خصوص در سناریوهای بهره‏برداری کم‏آبی نشان داده است. همچنین نقشه‏های پهنه‏بندی مکانی به‌دست‌آمده الگوی مشخصی از ناکارآمدی توزیع کافی آب سطحی در سطح شبکه ارائه کرده و مناطق آسیب‏پذیر شبکه را مشخص کرده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Simulation and Temporal‌ـ Spatial Assessment of Surface Water Distribution to Agricultural Units in Abshar Plain, Esfahan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Hadi Safavi Nia 1
  • Jaber Soltani 1
  • Seied Mehdy Hashemy Shahdany 1
  • Majid Delavar 2
1 Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology (Aburaihan), University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Water Engineering and Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modeares University, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, an assessment of the performance of the surface water distribution system in the Abshar Isfahan irrigation network was conducted. For this purpose, the two main right and left channels and ten secondary channels of this network were integrated into an integral‌ـ delay simulator model developed in MATLAB. The simulation of surface water distribution between the intakes located in the main and secondary channels for an irrigation season, corresponding to the water year 1400‌ـ 1401 and divided into five dominant operational scenarios, was carried out. The evaluation of surface water distribution performance involves the use of performance assessment indices, specifically the adequacy of water distribution, for each intake, region, and the entire channel. Additionally, the simulated data was imported into GIS software to analyze the spatial distribution of surface water distribution across the entire network, and maps of the average adequacy index dispersion for each operational scenario were extracted and analyzed. The simulation results indicated a predominantly decreasing trend in water delivery adequacy indices from the upstream intakes to the downstream in both the main and secondary channels. The average surface water distribution adequacy index ranged from 98% to 100%, 90% to 100%, 97% to 84%, 96% to 81%, and 93% to 69% in the upstream intakes and from 80% to 85%, 65% to 70%, 41% to 45%, 30% to 34%, and 20% to 28% in the downstream intakes, in scenarios one through five, namely, from high water availability to severe water scarcity. The results obtained highlighted deficiencies in the existing irrigation system's water distribution adequacy, especially in scenarios of low water availability, along the main and secondary channels. Furthermore, the spatial classification maps revealed a distinct pattern of inefficiency in surface water distribution at the network level and identified vulnerable areas within the network.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water Distribution Management
  • Hydraulic Simulation
  • Surface Water
  • Water Delivery Efficiency
  • Performance Assessment
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