تغییرات مطلوبیت زیستگاه ماهی نازک جنوب: ‌Chondrostoma regium (Cypriniformes Leuciscidae) در رودخانۀ زاب کوچک در چهار فصل سال

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای گروه شیلات، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشیارگروه شیلات، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

10.22059/ije.2023.357474.1723

چکیده

در برنامه‌های حفاظت از اکوسیستم‌های آبی و ذخایر ماهیان، درک نیازهای زیستگاهی گونه‌های آبزیان حائز اهمیت است. در این راستا، این مطالعه با هدف بررسی ترجیح ویژگی‌های بزرگ‌مقیاس زیستگاهی و شاخص‌ مطلوبیت زیستگاه گونۀ نازک ماهی جنوب Chondrostoma regium در رودخانۀ زاب کوچک به ‌اجرا درآمد. متغیرهای محیطی شامل pH، دما، هدایت الکتریکی (EC)، کل مواد جامد محلول (TDS)، سرعت جریان، ارتفاع از سطح دریا، عرض رودخانه، عمق آب، شیب، نوع بستر و فراوانی گونۀ نازک ماهی در 6 ایستگاه هر یک با 3 تکرار از پایین‌دست به بالادست رودخانه در چهار فصل از پاییز 1400 تا تابستان 1401 ثبت شدند. نتایج نشان داد مطلوبیت زیستگاه نازک ماهی مورد مطالعه طی چهار فصل متفاوت بوده و نواحی با pH در محدودۀ 9ـ 10، دمای بالا، ارتفاع پایین، شیب بستر کم، سرعت جریان متوسط آب و بسترهای قلوه‌سنگی و تخته‌سنگی بدون پوشش گیاهی را ترجیح می‌دهد که طی چهار فصل سال این مقادیر ترجیحی تقریباً مشابه هستند. ترجیح فاکتورهای EC، TDS، عرض رودخانه و عمق آب در فصل‌های مختلف متفاوت بودند. در فصل بهار عرض رودخانه و عمق بیشتر و در فصل تابستان و پاییز عرض و عمق کمتر آب را ترجیح داد. برای دو فاکتور EC و TDS در فصل‌های بهار و تابستان محدودۀ پایین‌تر و در فصل پاییز و زمستان دامنۀ نسبتاً بالاتری با توجه به تغییرات فصلی مورد ترجیح بود. به ‌طور کلی، می‌توان بیان داشت که رودخانۀ زاب کوچک دارای مطلوبیت متوسط (426/0) برای ماهی نازک جنوب است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Variation in the habitat Suitability indices of Chondrostoma regium (Leuciscidae) in Zab River during four seasons

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zaniar Ghafouri 1
  • Soheil Eagderi 2
  • Hadi Poorbagher 2
  • Jamal Rahimi 1
  • Mehrdad Hasani Azhdari 1
1 PhD. Student. Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 4314, Karaj, Iran
2 2Associate Professor, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 4314, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the conservation programs of aquatic ecosystems and fish stocks, understanding of the habitat preferences of aquatic species play an important role. In this regard, the study was aimed to investigate the habitat preference and habitat suitability index (HSI) of Chondrostoma regium in its distribution range in Zab River. A number of environmental variables, including pH, temperature, EC, TDS, elevation, water depth, river width, river slope, flow velocity, and substrate type, along with the abundance of C. regium at 6 stations (each with three replication) from the downstream to upstream were recorded seasonally from the fall of 2021 to the summer of 2022. The results showed that habitat suitability of C. regium is different in four seasons and this species prefers habitats with pH in a range 9-10, high temperature, low altitude, low bed slope, moderate velocity, and gravel and slate beds without vegetation, and these environmental factors were almost similar during the four seasons of the year. But EC, TDS, river width and water depth preferences were different in different seasons. In spring, it prefers with greater width and depth, and in summer and autumn, habitats with lower width and depth. EC and TDS were lower in spring and summer and relatively higher in autumn and winter due to seasonal changes. In general conclusion, the little Zab River is moderately suitable for C. regium.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Preferred habitat
  • Distribution
  • Zab
  • Environmental factor

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اکوهیدرولوژی
دوره 10، شماره 2
تیر 1402
صفحه 203-214

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 15 دی 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 بهمن 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 اسفند 1401

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